Upper Tower

The Upper Tower, known locally as the Oberer Turm, stands proudly as a sentinel over the charming Swiss town of Aarau. With its impressive height of 62 meters, this iconic structure is not only a landmark but also a testament to the town's rich history and architectural evolution. Nestled at the edge of the old town, the Upper Tower provides a picturesque glimpse into Aarau's past, captivating visitors with its timeless beauty and historical significance.

The Historical Significance of the Upper Tower

The origins of the Upper Tower are shrouded in mystery, with no precise records of its initial construction. However, its history is intimately tied to the founding of Aarau, which occurred shortly before the mid-13th century. Originally, the tower was significantly shorter, reaching only to the mid-level ledge, possibly crowned with battlements. It wasn't until the late 15th to early 16th century that the tower was extended upwards, using less robust materials for the new sections.

Throughout its history, the Upper Tower has undergone various modifications, each adding to its unique character. In 1531, Hans Leu the Younger painted the clock face, and a year later, Hans Lutherer crafted the clockwork, which remains intact to this day. The intricate roof structure was completed in 1533 by Heinrich Oeschly, topped with a bell tower. The current roof design dates back to 1580, with minimal exterior changes since then. In 1753, the spire was clad in copper, and in 1868, a copper sphere with a weather vane was added.

Exploring the Upper Tower

Visiting the Upper Tower is a journey through time, offering insights into Aarau's historical tapestry. The tower's lower half, constructed from rough masonry with corner stones, contrasts with the smoother, slightly narrower upper section. This juxtaposition of textures is punctuated by evenly spaced arrow slits, hinting at the tower's defensive past.

The tower's lower five floors once served as prison cells, adding an intriguing layer to its history. Today, the ninth floor houses the clock, while the tenth floor, previously the tower keeper's residence until 1876, offers a glimpse into the lives of those who once kept watch over the town. The attic is home to a carillon with eleven bells, and the turret above contains two additional bells cast at the turn of the 14th to 15th century.

The Upper Tower's Role in Aarau's Urban Landscape

The Upper Tower, along with the town church and the Schlössli, is a defining feature of Aarau's skyline. Its commanding presence at the Holzmarkt, where several streets converge, makes it a focal point for both locals and visitors. Since the filling of the city moat in 1820, the tower's base extends below street level, adding to its imposing stature.

Adjacent to the tower is the Obertor, first mentioned in records in 1359, which forms part of the early city fortifications. The gatehouse, in its current form since at least 1612, complements the tower, creating a historical ensemble that speaks to Aarau's medieval roots. In 1928, the gate was widened to accommodate motor traffic, with an additional pedestrian passage added, reflecting the town's adaptation to modern needs.

The Upper Tower: A Symbol of Aarau's Heritage

The Upper Tower is more than just a historical monument; it is a symbol of Aarau's enduring heritage. The exterior features a 1966 mural by Felix Hoffmann, depicting a Dance of Death, adding an artistic dimension to the site. Above the gate opening, a relief showcases a pyramid of coats of arms, representing the Holy Roman Empire, Aarau, and Bern, further emphasizing the tower's historical significance.

In conclusion, the Upper Tower in Aarau is a captivating destination for anyone interested in history, architecture, or simply the beauty of a well-preserved medieval structure. Its towering presence and rich backstory make it a must-visit landmark, offering a window into the past and a testament to the town's vibrant history.