Ancona Lighthouse, known locally as Faro di Ancona, stands as a beacon of maritime history and architectural beauty on Monte Cappuccini within the serene confines of Parco del Cardeto. This iconic lighthouse not only guides ships safely into the bustling port of Ancona but also offers visitors a glimpse into the rich nautical heritage of the region.
The tale of Ancona Lighthouse begins with its predecessor, the old lighthouse, which was constructed in 1859 under the auspices of Pope Pius IX. It was an engineering marvel of its time, utilizing the newly invented Fresnel lenses that amplified its light, making it a crucial navigational aid. This lighthouse was the last public work completed under papal administration before Ancona became part of the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860.
The old lighthouse, with its cylindrical brick tower and intricate design, served faithfully until 1965. It became a cherished symbol of Ancona, offering panoramic views of the city and the Adriatic Sea. Despite its closure, the structure was lovingly restored in 2000, thanks to the efforts of local volunteers. Although currently not open to the public due to minor structural issues, it remains a beloved landmark.
In 1972, the modern Ancona Lighthouse was inaugurated, situated just 200 meters from its predecessor. This new structure, with its square tower reaching a height of 15 meters, continues the legacy of guiding mariners with its powerful Fresnel lenses. The lighthouse emits four flashes followed by a period of darkness, a rhythmic signal that has become familiar to sailors navigating the Adriatic waters.
Visitors to Ancona Lighthouse are treated to more than just a glimpse of maritime history. The surrounding Parco del Cardeto offers a tranquil escape with its lush greenery and scenic trails. Nearby, the historic Semaforo battery, an old cannon post, provides a fascinating peek into Ancona's defensive past.
The area is also steeped in scientific history. It was here that Guglielmo Marconi, the pioneering inventor, conducted groundbreaking experiments in wireless communication in 1904. A commemorative plaque marks the spot, celebrating Marconi's contributions to modern technology.
The old lighthouse, with its 20-meter tall cylindrical tower, is a captivating sight. Its design includes a spiral staircase made of Istrian stone, winding up to a viewing terrace with spectacular vistas of the Gulf of Ancona. The new lighthouse, though simpler in design, stands proudly at 104 meters above sea level, its four corners aligned with the cardinal points, symbolizing its role as a steadfast guide.
Both the old and new Ancona Lighthouses are more than functional structures; they are emblematic of the city's resilience and adaptation through changing times. From papal beginnings to modern advancements, they reflect Ancona's enduring connection to the sea.
While the old lighthouse is currently closed to visitors, the area around it remains a popular spot for both locals and tourists. The park offers a peaceful retreat with breathtaking views, ideal for a leisurely stroll or a picnic. The new lighthouse, still operational, stands as a testament to the ongoing importance of maritime navigation.
In conclusion, Ancona Lighthouse is not just a navigational aid but a historical monument that tells the story of a city's relationship with the sea. Its towers, both old and new, continue to inspire awe and admiration, making it a must-visit for anyone exploring the beautiful city of Ancona.
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