The Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor stands as a monumental testament to the rich historical and architectural heritage of Antequera, a charming city in the province of Málaga, Spain. This magnificent collegiate church, founded by Bishop Diego Ramírez de Villaescusa in the early 16th century, offers visitors a journey through time with its blend of Gothic and Renaissance elements, making it a must-visit landmark in Andalusia.
The origins of the Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor date back to 1503, when Bishop Diego Ramírez de Villaescusa obtained a papal bull from Pope Julius II, authorizing the establishment of a collegiate church to serve the burgeoning population of Antequera. The new church was to replace the existing Church of Santa María de la Esperanza. Construction of the new edifice began in 1514 under the direction of architect Pedro del Campo, and it was completed in 1550. This period marked a significant transition in Spanish architecture, as the country began to embrace Renaissance styles while still holding onto its Gothic roots.
The Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor is celebrated as one of the first columnar churches in Andalusia and one of the earliest examples of Renaissance architecture in Spain. Its impressive façade, designed in the form of a triumphal arch, is a striking feature that draws visitors' attention. The façade is adorned with repeated pinnacles, reminiscent of Gothic architecture, yet it is distinctly Renaissance in its overall composition. The three vertical sections of the façade correspond to the church's interior layout, with each section featuring triumphal arches and niches.
The church's tower, added in the 17th century, stands to the right of the façade. Although it deviates from the original Renaissance style, the tower adds a unique charm to the structure. The upper part of the tower, known as the belfry, is particularly noteworthy.
Stepping inside the Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor, visitors are greeted by a basilica layout with three naves separated by Ionic columns. The purity of the design is evident in the wooden Mudejar-style ceilings that cover the naves. The main chapel, illuminated by elegant Florentine windows, features a Gothic-Mudejar ribbed vault, adding to the church's architectural diversity.
The sacristy, accessed through an Italianate portal, boasts a modern coffered ceiling inspired by Serlian models. The chapels along the nave of the Epistle are covered with barrel-vaulted ceilings, except for the former Canon's Chapel, which showcases a complex structure influenced by Diego de Siloé's designs. The choir of seises, a unique feature, has been meticulously restored and is located in the first section of the nave of the Epistle, adjacent to the main chapel.
In the nave of the Gospel, the former Chapel of Souls stands out with its quarter-sphere vault, reflecting the neoclassical style of the late 17th century. Each element within the church contributes to its overall grandeur and historical significance.
The Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor is not only an architectural masterpiece but also a cultural hub. The square in front of the church is home to a statue of the humanist Pedro Espinosa, crafted by sculptor José Manuel Patricio Toro. This statue pays homage to Espinosa's contributions to Spanish literature and culture during the late 16th and early 17th centuries.
In recent years, the church has also served as a filming location, adding a touch of modernity to its historical ambiance. In 2019, scenes for the Netflix series Warrior Nun were filmed within the church, showcasing its timeless beauty to a global audience.
A visit to the Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor is a journey through centuries of history and architectural evolution. The church's location in the heart of Antequera makes it easily accessible for tourists exploring the city. As you approach the church, the grandeur of its façade and the serene beauty of its surroundings create a sense of awe and reverence.
Inside, the intricate details of the architecture, the play of light through the Florentine windows, and the serene atmosphere invite visitors to pause and reflect. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a traveler seeking to immerse yourself in the cultural richness of Andalusia, the Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor promises an unforgettable experience.
In conclusion, the Real Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor is more than just a church; it is a symbol of Antequera's historical and cultural legacy. Its walls echo the stories of the past, while its architectural splendor continues to inspire and captivate all who visit. Make sure to include this remarkable landmark in your itinerary when exploring the enchanting city of Antequera.
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