Cirksena mausoleum in Aurich

The Cirksena mausoleum in Aurich, known locally as the Mausoleum der Familie Cirksena, stands as a solemn testament to the history and legacy of the Cirksena family, the ruling counts of East Frisia. Nestled within the serene municipal cemetery of Aurich in Lower Saxony, Germany, this mausoleum is not only a place of rest for the deceased but also a significant historical monument that beckons visitors with its intriguing past and architectural charm.

The Historical Journey of the Cirksena Family

The story of the Cirksena mausoleum begins long before its construction in 1875-1876. The Cirksena family, who rose to prominence in the 15th century, initially buried their dead in the Marienthal Monastery near Norden. However, the monastery was destroyed in 1531 during the Geldrian Feud, leading to the transfer of the family’s remains to the Great Church in Emden. The religious strife of the time, particularly between the Reformed and Lutheran communities, often complicated burial ceremonies. A notable incident occurred in 1588 when the funeral of Margaretha, the eldest daughter of the ruling count, nearly incited a riot due to religious tensions.

Following this turmoil, Edzard II designated the church in Aurich as the official burial site for the Cirksena family. He was the first to be interred there in 1599. Despite this new arrangement, the remains of some family members continued to be buried in Emden until the Seven Years' War, when French troops plundered the graves. Over the years, the burial practices evolved, with the family eventually being laid to rest in ornate tin coffins, a tradition that continued until the family line ended in 1744.

The Construction of the Cirksena Mausoleum

The need for a dedicated mausoleum became apparent in the 19th century due to the deteriorating conditions of the existing graves. The historian Onno Klopp, serving as secretary to King George V, highlighted the poor state of the burial sites, prompting the king to commission a proper resting place for the Cirksena family. The initial plans were delayed by the Napoleonic Wars and later by the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian Wars. However, by 1875, the construction of the mausoleum finally commenced, based on the designs of the architect Ernst Heinrich Blohm.

The mausoleum, a decagonal structure with a distinctive dome, was completed in 1876. Standing approximately 17 meters high, it features a northern stair tower that provides access to the roof. The interior is equally impressive, with a dome constructed without scaffolding and an outer diameter of about 17 meters. Inside, ten niches, each 2.75 meters deep and wide, are arranged in a double-tiered ring, allowing space for up to 18 coffins. An additional two coffins are placed on a decagonal pedestal in the center of the mausoleum.

The Transfer of the Remains

The transfer of the Cirksena family’s remains to the new mausoleum was a meticulous process. By the time the mausoleum was ready, many of the original coffins were in poor condition, necessitating the creation of new coffins for the remains. The transfer took place over two nights in September 1880, with the usable coffins being moved first, followed by the remains placed in new coffins. This careful and respectful process ensured that the Cirksena family finally had a dignified and lasting resting place.

The Mausoleum Through the Years

Throughout the years, the Cirksena mausoleum has undergone several changes and restorations. During World War II, the destruction of the church in Emden led to the transfer of additional remains to the mausoleum. In the 1970s, it became clear that the mausoleum required significant restoration due to damage from groundwater and moisture. The restoration work, which began in 1984, included replacing the floor with natural stone, repairing the roof, and restoring the wrought-iron chandelier and gate. The coffins were also meticulously restored, and any artifacts and clothing found during the process were transferred to the Historical Museum in Aurich.

Visiting the Cirksena Mausoleum

Today, the Cirksena mausoleum in Aurich stands as a poignant reminder of the region's noble past. Visitors to the mausoleum can reflect on the rich history of the Cirksena family and their impact on East Frisia. The mausoleum's architecture, with its decagonal shape and intricate interior, offers a glimpse into the funerary practices and respect accorded to the family. The serene setting of the cemetery adds to the contemplative atmosphere, making it a meaningful destination for those interested in history and genealogy.

In conclusion, the Cirksena mausoleum in Aurich is more than just a burial site; it is a symbol of the enduring legacy of the Cirksena family and their place in East Frisian history. Its construction, history, and ongoing preservation efforts make it a fascinating site for visitors, offering insights into the region's noble heritage and the architectural ingenuity of the 19th century.