In the heart of Avilés, Spain, the Museum of Avilés Urban History (Museo de la Historia Urbana de Avilés) offers a fascinating journey through time, encapsulating the rich and diverse history of this charming Asturian town. Nestled within the historical-artistic complex of the city, this museum is a beacon for history enthusiasts and casual visitors alike, providing a comprehensive look at the evolution of Avilés from its medieval roots to its modern-day splendor.
The Museum of Avilés Urban History is meticulously designed to guide visitors through the city’s past, starting from the top floor and descending through various eras. This innovative layout ensures that you begin your journey with a broad overview of Avilés' history before delving into specific periods and events that have shaped the town.
The museum spans approximately 1,000 square meters across three floors, each dedicated to different historical themes. The exhibition is divided into four major thematic areas, enriched with interactive displays, recreations, and original artifacts that vividly illustrate the city’s development over the centuries.
Your exploration begins on the third floor, where the museum presents a sweeping overview of Avilés' history. This section serves as an introduction to the city’s past, starting from the granting of the town charter by King Alfonso VI in 1085. Here, you will find archaeological finds from mid-20th-century excavations, providing tangible links to the city’s distant past.
One of the highlights of this floor is the observation deck, offering panoramic views of Avilés' old town. From this vantage point, you can see the oldest preserved building, the 12th-century Church of the Franciscan Fathers, juxtaposed with the modern architecture of the Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre by the estuary.
Descending to the second floor, you step into the medieval era when Avilés thrived as the port of Oviedo. This period saw rapid growth driven by commercial activity, making Avilés the second most important city in Asturias at the time. The exhibits here highlight significant aspects of this era, including the town charter, medieval salt warehouses, and the city walls.
This floor also delves into the early modern period, showcasing the rise of Avilés' nobility and their architectural contributions outside the city walls. Notable buildings from this time include the Llano Ponte Palace and the Ferrera Palace. Additionally, this section pays tribute to some of Avilés' most illustrious figures, such as the painter Juan Carreño de Miranda and the explorer Pedro Menéndez de Avilés.
The first floor focuses on the 19th and 20th centuries, a time of significant urban and economic development for Avilés. The city’s port played a crucial role in its growth, facilitating trade with the Americas and leading to advancements like the introduction of the railway and the printing press.
This section also covers the industrial boom of the 20th century, marked by the establishment of the Ensidesa steelworks in 1950. This industrial giant spurred urban expansion and attracted a wave of immigrants, transforming Avilés into a bustling industrial hub. The exhibits provide insights into this transformative period, highlighting the social and economic changes that reshaped the city.
Connected to the main museum, the former Ceramics School houses both temporary and permanent exhibitions. The permanent collection includes original models and plans used during the construction of Ensidesa, along with a gallery of photographs documenting the steelworks' development step by step.
The museum also features a dedicated space for temporary exhibitions, ensuring there is always something new to discover. The inaugural exhibition showcased photographs depicting Avilés during the transition period from 1979 to 1989, highlighting the city's transformation.
The Museum of Avilés Urban History is designed to be the starting point for any visit to Avilés, offering a comprehensive understanding of the city’s historical context. The museum’s multimedia applications provide detailed explanations in Spanish, Asturian, English, and Braille, allowing visitors to explore Avilés' most emblematic sites virtually.
Whether you are a history buff or simply curious about the past, the Museum of Avilés Urban History offers an engaging and educational experience that brings the rich tapestry of Avilés' history to life. Its blend of historical artifacts, interactive exhibits, and stunning views makes it a must-visit destination in this beautiful Asturian town.
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