Kriegerdenkmal

In the charming town of Bernau bei Berlin, nestled within the state of Brandenburg, stands a monument of profound historical significance and remarkable artistry: the Kriegerdenkmal. This war memorial, erected in 1890, is a testament to the valor and sacrifice of soldiers from Bernau who perished in various conflicts during the 19th century. It is a poignant reminder of the town's enduring spirit and its place in the broader tapestry of German history.

The History of the Kriegerdenkmal

The Kriegerdenkmal was conceived and brought to life by the sculptor Friedrich Thiele, who designed the monument in the Wilhelminian style, a popular architectural and artistic style in Germany during the reign of Emperor Wilhelm II. The monument was officially unveiled on October 19, 1890, and was initially dedicated to the soldiers from Bernau who fell in the German-Danish War of 1864, the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, and the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71.

Over time, the monument's commemorative scope expanded to include the Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of Nations, which took place between 1813 and 1815. This historic battle marked a significant turning point in the Napoleonic Wars, leading to the eventual defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte. The addition of this commemoration underscores the monument's role in honoring not just local heroes, but also those who fought for the broader cause of German liberation.

Architecture and Design

The Kriegerdenkmal is a striking three-part structure, each element contributing to its grandeur and symbolic weight. The base of the monument is a three-meter-high stone pedestal, solid and imposing, providing a sturdy foundation for the towering column above. This column is crowned by a statue of Victoria, the Roman goddess of victory, who stands triumphantly with a laurel wreath held high in her right hand, symbolizing glory and honor.

Embedded within the column and pedestal are black marble plaques on each side. The front of the column, facing the street, bears the inscription Gott war mit uns, ihm sei die Ehre! which translates to God was with us, to Him be the glory! This inscription reflects the deep sense of gratitude and reverence felt by the townspeople towards the divine providence believed to have guided their soldiers.

On the left side of the column is a gilded relief of Emperor Frederick III, and on the right, a similar relief of Emperor Wilhelm I. These depictions serve as a reminder of the imperial leadership under which these wars were fought. The front side of the pedestal features an inscription dedicated to the brave soldiers from Bernau who participated in the glorious campaigns of 1864, 1866, and 1870-71, expressing the town's heartfelt appreciation.

The left and right sides of the pedestal are engraved with the names of the ten soldiers from Bernau who fell in these wars, ensuring that their individual sacrifices are not forgotten. On the rear side of the monument, a tribute to the seven men from Bernau who died in the Battle of Leipzig is inscribed, accompanied by a quote from the Prussian general Carl von Clausewitz: Ich glaube und bekenne, daß ein Volk nichts höher zu achten hat, als die Würde und Freiheit seines Daseins; daß es dieses mit dem letzten Blutstropfen verteidigen soll. This translates to I believe and confess that a nation should value nothing higher than the dignity and freedom of its existence; that it should defend this with its last drop of blood.

Restoration and Preservation

Throughout its history, the Kriegerdenkmal has been a focal point of local pride and remembrance. Originally funded by donations from Bernau's citizens, it has undergone several restorations to preserve its integrity and beauty. In the 1990s, following the reunification of Germany, the monument was cleaned and its surroundings were re-landscaped, ensuring that it remained a dignified place of reflection.

In 2008, vandals caused significant damage to the monument, particularly to the eagles adorning the column. However, the community once again rallied to restore the monument, with local residents and businesses contributing funds for its repair. The city administration also allocated additional resources, and the restoration work was carried out by the specialist restorer Burkhard Bluhm. The monument was fully restored and rededicated in 2010, with a total of 8,000 euros spent on the project.

Exploring the Surroundings

The Kriegerdenkmal is situated near the northern passage of Bernau's historic city wall, a location that adds to its historical resonance. Nearby, visitors can find two other significant monuments: the Deserter Memorial and the Obelisk of the Honorary Cemetery for the Fallen of the Red Army. These memorials, along with the recently reconstructed Berlin Gate, create a rich tapestry of historical sites that offer a deeper understanding of Bernau's past and its role in broader historical events.

In conclusion, the Kriegerdenkmal in Bernau bei Berlin is more than just a war memorial; it is a symbol of the town's resilience, its respect for history, and its commitment to honoring those who have made the ultimate sacrifice. Whether you are a history enthusiast or a casual visitor, a visit to this monument offers a profound and moving experience, connecting you to the rich heritage of this charming German town.