Angevin tower

Located in the charming town of Bitonto, Italy, the Angevin Tower, known locally as Torrione Angioino, stands as an imposing sentinel of history and architectural prowess. This 15th-century fortress, often misidentified as a castle, is the largest and most resilient of the twenty-eight towers that once lined the ancient city walls of Bitonto. Its robust structure and storied past make it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

The Historical Significance of the Angevin Tower

The Angevin Tower was erected towards the end of the 14th century, during the reign of the Angevin dynasty, from which it derives its name. Some historians, however, argue that its construction began in the early 15th century under the commission of Giovanni I Ventimiglia and Marino Correale. This debate is fueled by the heraldic emblems carved into the capitals of the columns on the noble floor's fireplace, attributing the tower's construction to these noble figures.

Remarkably, the tower is mentioned in a document from 1399, attributed to Queen Margherita, consort of King Charles III of Naples. This document refers to a castellano, a custodian responsible for overseeing a defensive structure, which by the mid-15th century had come to be known as a torrione, or defensive tower. Over time, the Angevin Tower also served as a prison, adding another layer to its multifaceted history.

Architectural Marvels

Architecturally, the Angevin Tower bears a striking resemblance to the tower in San Mauro Forte, located in the province of Matera. Both towers feature a zigzagging scarp structure and similar internal spatial arrangements. The Angevin Tower is divided into three vaulted internal spaces: the first and third levels boast dome-shaped vaults with central oculi, while the second level features a cross-vaulted ceiling. This level also houses a fireplace adorned with small columns and heraldic emblems, suggesting it was used by the noble family of the castellano, Marino Correale, during the mid-15th century.

The tower's circular plan, with a diameter of 16.10 meters, is reminiscent of French and Neapolitan Angevin constructions. Its base, constructed from large, smoothed limestone blocks, reaches a thickness of 4.90 meters. The tower's thick walls are punctuated by an entrance door, windows at varying heights, and a crenellated top, all of which contribute to its formidable appearance.

Exploring the Interior

Visitors to the Angevin Tower can explore its three internal levels, each connected by fortified corridors similar to other defensive systems of Bourbon Italy. The first and third levels are circular in shape, while the second level, with its octagonal form and cross-vaulted ceiling, evokes the design of Castel del Monte. The presence of a fireplace on this level, embellished with the heraldic symbols of the Correale family, further enhances the tower's historical allure.

In addition to its architectural features, the Angevin Tower also boasts a cistern and casemates added in the late 15th century. These elements, along with the tower's pentagonal base and drawbridge, were uncovered during archaeological excavations, providing valuable insights into the tower's defensive capabilities.

The Angevin Tower Today

Following extensive internal restoration, the Angevin Tower now houses a Contemporary Art Gallery, offering a unique blend of historical and modern cultural experiences. The tower's robust structure and historical significance have also made it a popular location for events, such as the Bitonto ArtFestival.

Visitors can marvel at the tower's architectural details, explore its fortified corridors, and enjoy the art exhibitions housed within its ancient walls. The tower's strategic location, once connected to the other twenty-seven towers via underground tunnels, offers a glimpse into the defensive strategies of medieval Bitonto.

In conclusion, the Angevin Tower is not just a monument of historical importance but a symbol of Bitonto's rich cultural heritage. Its walls echo the stories of noble families, medieval conflicts, and architectural ingenuity, making it an unmissable attraction for anyone visiting this picturesque Italian town. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, the Angevin Tower promises a captivating journey through time.