Castell de Sant Joan

Perched atop the hill of Sant Joan in the charming town of Blanes, the Castell de Sant Joan, also known by its original name Castillo de San Juan, stands as a sentinel overlooking the Mediterranean Sea. With its roots tracing back to the Romanesque period, this castle offers not only a glimpse into the rich history of the region but also breathtaking panoramic views that stretch as far as the eye can see.

The History of Castell de Sant Joan

The history of Castell de Sant Joan is as captivating as the views it offers. The castle was first mentioned in historical records on October 14, 1002, when it was under the possession of the Viscounts of Cabrera. It was constructed to serve as a defensive stronghold against pirate incursions, particularly during the times when the Kingdom of Mallorca was under Arab dominion. Over the centuries, this fortress provided a refuge for the people of Blanes during invasions and conflicts.

During the 11th and 12th centuries, the castle was frequently mentioned in oaths of fealty made by the Viscounts of Girona to the Counts of Barcelona, solidifying its importance in the region. By the mid-12th century, the Viscounts of Girona began to be known as the Viscounts of Cabrera, and the castle became part of their expanding territorial domain.

The castle reached its zenith of importance between the 13th and 15th centuries. It was part of a strategic network of fortifications known as the line of castles of the Tordera, which protected the northern approach to Barcelona. Despite suffering damage during conflicts, such as the destruction inflicted by Philip the Bold of France in 1285, the castle was rebuilt and continued to play a crucial role in the region's defense.

By the late 15th century, the castle began to lose its strategic significance and eventually fell into disrepair. It wasn't until the mid-19th century that the castle saw renewed use as a military telegraphy station. In the 20th century, efforts were made to restore and preserve this historic monument, ensuring that its legacy would endure for future generations.

Exploring Castell de Sant Joan

A visit to Castell de Sant Joan is a journey through time. As you approach the castle, you are greeted by its imposing round tower, which rises over 15 meters high with a diameter of 7.25 meters. This master tower, built on solid rock, is the most prominent feature of the castle and offers a glimpse into the architectural prowess of the Romanesque period.

The castle's rectangular walled enclosure, though partially ruined on the western side, still stands as a testament to its former grandeur. The walls, constructed with medium-sized, well-aligned stones, vary in thickness from 95 to 120 centimeters. As you explore the remains of the castle, you can see the remnants of the entrance gate on the southern side, along with other structural elements that hint at the castle's storied past.

One of the highlights of a visit to Castell de Sant Joan is the panoramic view from its walls. At an elevation of 173 meters, the castle offers an extraordinary vantage point from which you can see the sprawling town of Blanes, the sparkling Mediterranean Sea, and, on clear days, even the silhouette of Montjuïc Mountain in Barcelona. This breathtaking vista is undoubtedly one of the castle's most enchanting features.

The Chapel of Sant Joan

Adjacent to the castle, you'll find the Chapel of Sant Joan, which was originally built as the castle's chapel. Due to space constraints, the chapel was constructed outside the main enclosure. Over the years, it has undergone significant transformations, but it still stands as a place of quiet reflection and historical significance.

Modern Preservation Efforts

The preservation of Castell de Sant Joan has been a labor of love for the people of Blanes. In the mid-20th century, local residents rallied to save the castle from further decay, leading to the establishment of the Patronat de Reconstrucció del Castell de Sant Joan in 1956. This organization, led by prominent members of the community, spearheaded efforts to restore the castle and preserve its historical integrity.

Between 1987 and 1991, a comprehensive restoration project was undertaken by architects Fuses and Viader, resulting in the castle's current state. Thanks to these efforts, visitors today can walk through the castle's grounds and experience a piece of history that has been lovingly preserved for future generations.

Visiting Castell de Sant Joan

For those looking to explore Castell de Sant Joan, the journey begins at the Font d'en Roma, from where you can follow the GR 92 trail marked with red and white stripes. The trail consists of 615 steps that lead you up to the castle, offering a scenic and invigorating hike.

Whether you are a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply someone seeking a stunning view, Castell de Sant Joan is a must-visit destination in Blanes. Its rich history, architectural marvels, and panoramic vistas make it a place where the past and present come together in a truly unforgettable experience.