The Raio Palace, known locally as Palácio do Raio, stands as a magnificent testament to the splendor of Baroque architecture in Braga, Portugal. Nestled on Rua do Raio, this historic palace is one of the most exquisite examples of civil architecture in the city, drawing visitors with its ornate façade and rich history.
The story of Raio Palace begins in the mid-18th century, specifically between 1754 and 1755, when it was commissioned by João Duarte de Faria, a wealthy merchant from Braga. The architectural genius behind this Baroque masterpiece was André Soares, a prominent architect whose dynamic and dramatic style is evident in the palace’s design. Originally, the palace was known as Casa do Mexicano, reflecting its initial owner's nickname.
In 1853, the palace changed hands when it was sold by José Maria Duarte Peixoto to Miguel José Raio, the Viscount of São Lázaro. The Viscount, who had amassed considerable wealth in Brazil, sought to make a statement with his new residence. He is credited with opening the street in front of the palace in 1863 to enhance its visibility and constructing two houses for his daughters. Following his death in 1882, due to financial difficulties, the palace was transferred to Banco do Minho and subsequently sold to the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Braga in 1883. The institution utilized the palace for various functions, including housing some services of the Hospital de São Marcos.
Raio Palace has been classified as a Property of Public Interest since 1956, underscoring its cultural and historical significance. In 2015, the palace underwent extensive restoration, transforming it into the Interpretive Center of the Memories of the Misericórdia de Braga, thus preserving its legacy and opening its doors to the public.
The façade of Raio Palace is a visual feast, characterized by its vibrant blue azulejos (tiles) and intricate stonework. The central doorway, richly adorned with elaborate carvings, is flanked by 11 windows spread across two floors, each framed by asymmetrical decorations that add a sense of movement and drama to the structure. These ornate details are hallmarks of André Soares' work, showcasing his mastery in creating dynamic and visually engaging designs.
In the late 19th century, the palace underwent further embellishments, including the addition of azulejos that give the façade its distinctive blue hue and a stained glass door that separates the atrium from the staircase. The ceilings and the staircase were also painted during this period, with the artwork attributed to José Maria Pereira Júnior, known as Pereira Cão.
Today, Raio Palace serves as a museum and interpretive center, offering visitors a journey through the history and heritage of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Braga. The museum is organized into ten thematic rooms, each providing a unique glimpse into the institution's past and its contributions to healthcare and social welfare in the region.
The tour begins with an homage to André Soares and Carlos Amarante, two of Braga's most influential architects. This section highlights their artistic legacy and the impact they had on the city's architectural landscape. Visitors can also learn about the history of the palace itself and the meticulous restoration process it underwent.
The next sections delve into the history of the Misericórdia de Braga and its role in aiding the needy. Portraits of archbishops who supported the institution's growth adorn the walls, while display cases showcase various artifacts, including the ‘Varas de Mesário’ (symbols of power within the institution) and the ‘Caixa de Despacho,’ a rare 18th-century piece used in the Misericórdias.
One of the highlights of the visit is the section dedicated to the Hospital de São Marcos, founded in 1508. This area features medical instruments and documents from the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, offering a fascinating insight into the history of healthcare in Braga.
The grand staircase of Raio Palace is another must-see. Adorned with azulejo panels, mural paintings, and a stunning lantern, it is crowned by a sculpture known as the ‘Turco,’ attributed to André Soares. This staircase is a testament to the opulence and artistic flair of the palace’s design.
The museum also houses an impressive collection of religious art and liturgical objects. Visitors can explore rooms dedicated to liturgical garments and ceremonial items, as well as displays related to the solemnities of Holy Week. Processional lanterns and banners evoke the tradition of the Senhor Ecce Homo procession, organized by the Misericórdia since ancient times.
Other rooms feature valuable paintings and sculptures from the 17th and 18th centuries, including a terracotta ensemble depicting the Visitation, originally placed on the side façade of the Church of Misericórdia.
The tour concludes with a gallery honoring the benefactors and providers of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Braga. This space showcases numerous portraits of prominent figures who have contributed to the institution's enduring legacy, celebrating their generosity and impact on the community.
Raio Palace is not just a historic building; it is a vibrant cultural center that brings the past to life, offering visitors a captivating journey through the history, art, and architecture of Braga. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply curious about the city's heritage, a visit to Raio Palace is an enriching and unforgettable experience.
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