Parliament House in Brisbane stands as a testament to Queensland's rich legislative history and architectural prowess. Nestled at the corner of George Street and Alice Street in the bustling CBD, this grand edifice is not just a seat of political power but also a beacon of cultural heritage, surrounded by the serene City Botanic Gardens and the vibrant Queensland University of Technology.
The story of Parliament House begins in the early days of Queensland's legislative journey. The Parliament of Queensland first convened on 22 May 1860 in a former convict barracks on Queen Street. Recognizing the need for a more fitting venue, a commission in 1863 selected the current site for the new parliamentary building. The quest for the perfect design saw an Australia-wide competition, ultimately leading to the selection of plans by Charles Tiffin, the Queensland Colonial Architect, amidst controversy and competition.
The foundation stone was laid on 14 July 1865 by Sir George Bowen, and the construction was undertaken by Joshua Jeays using sandstone from his own quarries. The building's first section was completed in 1867, and the George Street frontage, showcasing a French Renaissance Revival style with Second Empire elements, was finished in 1868. The Alice Street wing followed, with its completion in 1889, adding to the building's majestic presence.
The architectural splendor of Parliament House is evident in its grand porte-cochère, balustraded terrace, and the intricate stained glass windows imported from Birmingham. The original zinc and galvanized iron roof, replaced in the 1980s with copper from Mount Isa, adds a touch of modernity while preserving the historical essence.
The building was also a pioneer in technological advancements, becoming the first parliament house in Australia to be electrified in 1886, thanks to an underground cable connection to the Government Printing Office.
The 20th century brought significant events and changes to Parliament House. In 1922, Prince Alfred visited and planted two trees at the entrance, leaving a mark of royal heritage. The building also witnessed the tragic suicide of Speaker George Pollock in 1939 and the dramatic protest by the League for Social Justice led by George Gray in the same year.
The need for expansion led to the construction of the Parliamentary Annexe, a brutalist extension completed in 1979 at a cost of $20,000,000. This extension, designed to form a square known as Speaker's Green, includes parliamentary offices and accommodation for regional MPs. The Annexe has undergone refurbishments, most recently from 2022 to 2024, ensuring it remains a functional and modern facility.
A visit to Parliament House offers a rich tapestry of history and architecture. Free public guided tours are available on weekdays, providing insights into the legislative processes and the building's storied past. The spacious ground floor areas of the Annexe frequently host art exhibitions and other displays, adding a cultural dimension to the visit.
The main foyer houses a gift shop where visitors can purchase souvenirs and memorabilia, ensuring they take a piece of Queensland's legislative heritage home with them.
Parliament House's grandeur has also made it a popular filming location. It has featured in the 1980s Australian series of Mission: Impossible, the 2022 TV series Joe vs. Carole, and the upcoming 2024 Disney Plus series Nautilus. This cinematic connection adds a layer of modern cultural relevance to the historic site.
In conclusion, Parliament House in Brisbane is not just a building; it is a symbol of Queensland's legislative journey, architectural brilliance, and cultural heritage. Its walls echo the stories of political debates, royal visits, and public protests, making it a living museum of the state's history. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or a curious tourist, a visit to Parliament House promises an enriching and unforgettable experience.
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