Samsonova kašna

In the heart of České Budějovice, a city renowned for its rich history and vibrant culture, stands a masterpiece of Baroque architecture: the Samson Fountain, or Samsonova kašna. This majestic fountain, constructed between 1721 and 1727, is not only one of the largest of its kind in the Czech Republic but also a cherished symbol of the city itself, situated prominently in Přemysl Otakar II Square.

The Magnificent Design

The Samson Fountain is a marvel of Baroque design, featuring a grand stone basin with a distinctive shape that closely resembles an octagon. This impressive structure spans an incredible 17 meters in diameter, serving as a testament to the artistic and architectural prowess of its creators. At the center of the fountain, a prismatic pedestal rises from the water, adorned with four spouting figures on its sides. These figures, known as atlantes, support a large circular bowl from which a pedestal emerges, crowned by a sculpture of the biblical Samson taming a lion. This central figure gazes northward, towards Prague, adding a layer of symbolic significance to the fountain.

A Historical Journey

The story of the Samson Fountain begins in the early 18th century, a time when the growing population of České Budějovice demanded an increased supply of water for both domestic and industrial purposes. Recognizing this need, the city council decided in 1716 to construct a fountain that would not only serve practical purposes but also enhance the aesthetic appeal of the city center. The location chosen for the fountain was the very heart of the square, replacing an old pillory and marking a new era of urban development.

The technical design of the fountain was influenced by the Jesuit František Baugut, who proposed using water from the Vltava River, facilitated by a newly constructed water tower. This innovative solution allowed the fountain to distribute water throughout the city via a gravity-fed system. The final design was executed by Pavel Kolečný, a builder from the Schwarzenberg family, while the intricate stonework was crafted by the local master mason Zachariáš Horn. The sculptural elements were the work of Josef Dietrich, a prominent sculptor who had been active in the city since 1710.

The Artistic Craftsmanship

The artistic elements of the Samson Fountain are a true highlight, showcasing the skill and creativity of its creators. The approximately four-meter-wide shell that forms the fountain's bowl was carved directly from a quarry on the slopes of Mount Kohout. Transporting this massive piece to the city was no small feat, involving the use of 77 horses and overcoming numerous logistical challenges. The journey required the removal of fences and even the demolition of part of the Svinenská Gate, which was later rebuilt.

Josef Dietrich's contributions to the fountain include the striking sculpture of Samson and the lion, the four supporting atlantes, and the decorative water spouts. These elements combine to create a dynamic and visually captivating centerpiece that draws the eye and inspires the imagination.

The Fountain Today

In 1990, the Samson Fountain underwent a significant restoration, during which the original sculptures were replaced with replicas by Ivan Tlášek. The original artworks are now preserved within the České Budějovice town hall, with Samson displayed on the ground floor and the water spouts housed in the courtyard. Despite these changes, the fountain continues to serve as a beloved landmark and a focal point for community events and celebrations.

A Symbol of City Pride

The Samson Fountain's central location in the square makes it an enduring symbol of České Budějovice, and it occasionally becomes a canvas for public expression. In 2015, for example, the statue of Samson was dressed in a hockey jersey to support the city's team during their quest for the national league. Such playful and creative uses of the fountain highlight its role as a living part of the city's cultural fabric.

In conclusion, the Samson Fountain is more than just a stunning piece of Baroque architecture; it is a testament to the ingenuity and artistry of its creators, a symbol of the city's historical and cultural heritage, and a vibrant part of life in České Budějovice. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to the Samson Fountain is sure to be a memorable experience that captures the essence of this charming Czech city.