Synagogue of Cuneo

Nestled in the charming city of Cuneo, Italy, the Synagogue of Cuneo (Sinagoga di Cuneo) stands as a testament to the rich and enduring history of the Jewish community in this region. Located at 18 Contrada Mondovì, this historic synagogue is not just a place of worship but a symbol of resilience, culture, and architectural beauty.

A Glimpse into History

The Jewish community in Cuneo dates back to the 15th century, with the first settlers arriving from Provence. Over the centuries, the community grew, bolstered by waves of immigrants fleeing persecution in France, particularly after Pope Pius V expelled the Jews from Avignon in 1570. The Duke of Savoy, Emmanuel Philibert, welcomed these refugees, integrating them into the local population and allowing them to contribute to the region's economic and cultural life.

By the 17th century, the Jewish community in Cuneo had established itself firmly, with the construction of the synagogue marking a significant milestone. The original structure, built in the 1600s, underwent numerous transformations, culminating in the grand edifice that stands today, inaugurated in 1885. The synagogue's history is interwoven with the broader narrative of the Jewish experience in Piedmont, reflecting periods of prosperity, persecution, and resilience.

The Architectural Marvel

The Synagogue of Cuneo is a stunning example of religious architecture, blending elements of Baroque and classical styles. The façade of the building is framed by two pilasters, supporting an entablature that separates the lower floors from the third level, which is slightly recessed and crowned with a curved cornice. The Hebrew inscription on the frieze, a verse from the Book of Exodus, translates to They shall make me a sanctuary, and I will dwell among them, symbolizing the synagogue's sacred purpose.

The ground floor features two arched wooden doors, each adorned with a circular cartouche above the architrave. These doors lead to the community office and the synagogue itself. The first floor, with its elegantly arched windows, adds to the building's harmonious symmetry and aesthetic appeal.

A Sanctuary of Faith and Tradition

Inside, the synagogue is a sanctuary of faith and tradition. The presence of a Dukan (pulpit) dating back to 1611 suggests that the site has long been a focal point for Jewish worship and community gatherings. The interior, while modest, exudes a sense of solemnity and reverence, with its wooden furnishings and traditional design elements reflecting the synagogue's historical roots.

Although the synagogue is no longer in regular use, it continues to hold a special place in the hearts of Cuneo's Jewish community. Today, it is primarily used for major religious festivals and family ceremonies, serving as a poignant reminder of the community's enduring legacy.

The Jewish Community of Cuneo

At its peak, the Jewish community in Cuneo was one of the most significant in Piedmont. The community enjoyed periods of relative stability and prosperity, contributing to the local economy through trade and craftsmanship. However, the 18th century brought increased restrictions and persecutions, culminating in the establishment of a ghetto in 1724. Despite these challenges, the community persevered, with the synagogue standing as a beacon of hope and resilience.

The 19th century saw a gradual improvement in conditions for Jews in Cuneo, particularly after the emancipation in 1848. The community continued to thrive, with the synagogue undergoing significant renovations to accommodate its growing congregation. However, the 20th century brought new challenges, with the rise of fascism and the implementation of racial laws under Mussolini's regime. The horrors of the Holocaust further decimated the community, leaving only a handful of survivors.

Preserving the Legacy

Today, the Jewish community in Cuneo is a shadow of its former self, with only two families remaining. However, their dedication to preserving the synagogue and its history is unwavering. The building stands as a testament to the community's resilience and a symbol of the rich cultural heritage that once thrived in this region.

Visitors to the Synagogue of Cuneo are not just stepping into a place of worship but into a living museum that tells the story of a community's journey through centuries of triumphs and tribulations. The synagogue, with its elegant architecture and profound historical significance, offers a unique glimpse into the Jewish experience in Piedmont and serves as a poignant reminder of the enduring power of faith and community.

Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, the Synagogue of Cuneo is a must-visit destination. Its walls echo with the stories of generations past, inviting you to explore and reflect on the rich tapestry of history that has shaped this remarkable place.