Belfry of Douai

The Belfry of Douai, known locally as the Beffroi de Douai, stands as a proud sentinel over the town of Douai in the Nord department of the Hauts-de-France region. This iconic structure, with its intricate Gothic architecture and storied history, offers a captivating glimpse into the past and a striking presence in the present.

The History of the Belfry of Douai

The roots of the Belfry of Douai stretch back to 1380 when construction began on the site of an older wooden tower. This new stone tower was intended to serve as a watchtower, providing both a strategic vantage point and a symbol of the town's autonomy and strength. The construction was completed in 1410, with stones sourced from the castle of Cantin, which was sold by the knight Jacques de Halluyn and his son Jean.

Throughout its history, the Belfry has witnessed significant events and endured various challenges. In 1475, following a devastating fire caused by lightning, the spire was rebuilt, and a carillon was installed in 1391, marking the rhythms of daily life for the people of Douai. The 19th century saw major restoration efforts, including the addition of a new building that mirrored the 15th-century style, giving the town hall its current symmetrical appearance. The original sandstone structure was reinforced with thick layers of brick, ensuring its resilience for future generations.

The Carillon and Bells

The Belfry's carillon, first installed in 1391, has been an integral part of Douai's cultural heritage. In 1730, Nicolas Levache cast new bells for the Belfry, but these were melted down by German forces in 1917. The bells were replaced in 1924 by the Wauthy company of Douai, and in 1953, the city sought to improve their sound by commissioning new bells from the Paccard foundry in Annecy-le-Vieux. Today, the carillon boasts 62 bells spanning five octaves, with the largest, Joyeuse, weighing 5,500 kg and sounding an A note, and La disnée, weighing 2,400 kg and sounding a C note. The carillon's melodies, played every quarter hour, continue to enchant residents and visitors alike, with live concerts held every Saturday morning outside the school holidays.

Victor Hugo and the Belfry

In 1837, the renowned French writer Victor Hugo visited Douai and was captivated by the Belfry. He described it as the prettiest belfry I have ever seen, noting its Gothic tower crowned with a slate roof, numerous conical windows each adorned with a weathervane, and a lion atop the spire holding a flag. Hugo's sketch of the Belfry, which he made during his visit, is preserved in his museum on the Place des Vosges in Paris. His vivid description captures the whimsical and lively nature of the Belfry, with its carillon filling the air with joyful music.

Exploring the Belfry of Douai

Visitors to the Belfry of Douai are treated to a journey through time and architecture. The Gothic tower, with its detailed stonework and soaring spire, offers breathtaking views of the surrounding town and countryside. The adjacent buildings, including the 19th-century additions, showcase the evolution of architectural styles and the town's commitment to preserving its historical heritage.

One of the highlights of a visit is the chance to hear the carillon in action. The intricate mechanism, which allows the bells to play melodies every quarter hour, is a marvel of engineering and artistry. The live carillon concerts, held on Saturday mornings, provide a unique auditory experience that connects visitors to the town's rich musical tradition.

The Belfry in Art and Culture

The Belfry of Douai has not only inspired writers like Victor Hugo but also artists such as Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, who captured its image in his paintings. The Belfry's presence in art and literature underscores its significance as a cultural and historical landmark. Its inclusion on the UNESCO World Heritage list, as part of the Belfries of Belgium and France, further cements its status as a symbol of regional and national pride.

Conclusion

The Belfry of Douai is more than just a tower; it is a testament to the town's resilience, creativity, and enduring spirit. Whether you are drawn by its architectural beauty, its historical significance, or the enchanting sounds of its carillon, a visit to the Belfry of Douai promises to be a memorable and enriching experience. As you explore this remarkable landmark, you will find yourself transported through centuries of history, art, and culture, all encapsulated within the walls of this magnificent Gothic tower.