Chapelle Sainte-Croix de Forbach

High on the picturesque Mont Sainte-Croix in Forbach, France, stands the Chapelle Sainte-Croix, a beacon of historical and architectural splendor. This charming Catholic chapel, dating back to the 13th century, offers visitors not just a glimpse into the past but also breathtaking views over the Warndt region. As part of the famous Camino de Santiago pilgrimage route from Saarland to Metz, the chapel is a cherished landmark for both locals and travelers alike.

The History of Chapelle Sainte-Croix

The Chapelle Sainte-Croix, known as capella sancta crucis juxta Forbachum in a 1338 letter by Bishop Adhémar de Monteil of Metz, is believed to have been constructed in the 13th century. Over the centuries, it has undergone significant modifications, particularly in the 14th and 15th centuries. Initially under the ownership of the voués of Hombourg-Haut since 1257, the chapel sustained severe damage during the Thirty Years' War. In 1684, it came into the possession of the barons von der Leyen, and later, the lords of Forbach.

During the French Revolution, the chapel was confiscated and suffered considerable degradation. Many of its statues were saved only because local residents hid them. After the Revolution, the chapel returned to the countess Marianne Camasse and her heirs before being purchased by the de Wendel family in 1824. The chapel was listed as a historical monument on September 14, 1937, and in 1946, it became the property of the Lorraine coal mines. In 1969, the town of Forbach acquired the dilapidated building for a symbolic one franc. Restoration efforts began in 1978, spearheaded by the Friends of the Chapelle Sainte-Croix association and the town of Forbach.

Architectural Marvels

The Chapelle Sainte-Croix is a chapel-halle, featuring a square nave built from meticulously cut sandstone. The stones display numerous lifting clamp holes and mortar joints, while the choir is constructed with less precision. Originally, two distinct buildings existed, evidenced by the misalignment of the two parts: the future nave, an old massive house, and the choir, which formed a closed entity. The nave predates the choir, which dates back to the latter half of the 13th century and includes Gothic windows, one of which is partially walled up.

The chapel's origins are somewhat obscure, possibly an old fortified house from at least the 13th century or a dependency of a nearby castle. On November 24, 1978, four researchers discovered a niche tomb at the foot of the altar, carved into the rock, intended for a tall but frail female. This tomb has since been restored. Inside the chapel, visitors can marvel at a 13th-century sculpted tympanum depicting Christ on the cross.

Calvaries and Sculptures

Surrounding the chapel are various sculpted groups from different periods, including wayside crosses, calvaries, and diverse statues. These add to the chapel's serene and contemplative atmosphere, inviting visitors to reflect on the rich history and spiritual significance of this sacred site.

The Legend of Alice of Forbach

According to local legend, Alice de Werd, also known as Alice of Forbach, was the daughter of Theodorich von Werd, Count of Rixingen. Known for her beauty and charm, she incited rivalry between two brothers, the lords of Siersburg and Felsberg, who dueled over her affections. Overcome with remorse after their deaths and realizing her love for the lord of Siersburg, she withdrew from the world and built an oratory on Mont Sainte-Croix. Alice was buried at the foot of the altar in her oratory, which became a site of popular veneration. Sometimes referred to as Saint Alice of Forbach, she was never officially canonized.

Visiting Chapelle Sainte-Croix

Visitors to the Chapelle Sainte-Croix are treated to a journey through time, exploring the rich tapestry of history woven into its walls. The chapel's serene location, coupled with its architectural beauty and historical significance, makes it a must-visit destination in Forbach. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a pilgrim on the Camino de Santiago, or simply seeking a peaceful retreat, the Chapelle Sainte-Croix offers a unique and enriching experience.

In conclusion, the Chapelle Sainte-Croix is more than just a historical monument; it is a testament to the enduring spirit and cultural heritage of Forbach. Its walls echo the stories of centuries past, inviting visitors to connect with the history and spirituality of this remarkable site. A visit to the Chapelle Sainte-Croix is not just a step back in time but a step into the heart of Forbach's rich and vibrant history.