Lower Market Square

Lower Market Square, known locally as Untermarkt, is the vibrant heart of Görlitz, a city steeped in history and architectural splendor in Saxony, Germany. This square is not just a place; it’s a journey through time, where every corner tells a story of the city’s rich past. From medieval market days to Renaissance grandeur, Lower Market Square is a must-visit for any traveler exploring Görlitz.

The Historical Tapestry of Lower Market Square

The origins of Lower Market Square can be traced back to 1305 when it was simply referred to as the Market. By 1403, the name Niedermarkt began to appear in records, and for a period, it was also known as the Ring, a term borrowed from Silesian tradition. The square has always been a bustling hub of commerce, where vendors and craftsmen once gathered to sell their goods. The northern section, often called the Old Market or Fish Market, was home to fishmongers and small traders, while the southern part hosted the more affluent merchants.

In the heart of the square stands a unique structure known as the Zeile or Mittelzeil, a block of buildings that once divided the square. This central block was historically a thoroughfare, providing access to the southern side's merchant stalls. Over time, the houses were opened to the south, accommodating the wealthy spice and silk traders. The northern side was lined with smaller shops and stalls, including the renowned Ratsapotheke, a pharmacy that served the community for centuries.

Architectural Marvels and Historic Buildings

Lower Market Square is a showcase of architectural evolution, with buildings reflecting styles from Gothic to Baroque. One of the standout structures is the Waage, constructed in 1600 by Jonas Roskopf. This building, with its stone columns adorned with faces, is a testament to the craftsmanship of the era. It once housed the Akzise, the city's excise office, and later became a meeting place for the local trade association.

Adjacent to the Waage is a Baroque masterpiece dating back to around 1725, featuring a distinctive balcony supported by ornate brackets. The Schönhof, another architectural gem, is the oldest Renaissance building north of the Alps, dating to 1526. Its interior still boasts intricate ceiling decorations from its original construction, offering a glimpse into the opulent past of Görlitz's wealthy merchants.

The Rathaus: A Symbol of Civic Pride

The Rathaus, or town hall, is a focal point of Lower Market Square. Its origins date back to 1350 when the city began acquiring private houses to establish a dedicated administrative building. The oldest surviving part of the Rathaus is believed to be the wing along Brüderstraße, constructed in 1369. Over the centuries, the Rathaus has undergone numerous expansions and renovations, including the addition of a towering structure in the early 16th century, reaching a height of approximately 60 meters.

The Rathaustreppe, a staircase built by the renowned Renaissance architect Wendel Roskopf in 1537, is a striking feature of the Rathaus. The building's façade is adorned with the coat of arms of Matthias Corvinus, the Hungarian king, a reminder of the city's historical ties to Hungary.

The Neptunbrunnen: A Fountain with a Story

On the southern side of the square stands the Neptunbrunnen, a fountain crafted in 1756 by stonemason Johann Georg Mattausch. This fountain replaced an earlier wooden structure and features a statue of Neptune, the Roman god of the sea, holding a trident. The fountain's intricate design and historical significance make it a beloved landmark, affectionately known by locals as Gabeljürgen.

A Stroll Through History

Walking through Lower Market Square is like stepping into a living museum. The square's layout, with its arcades and cobblestone streets, evokes the atmosphere of a bygone era. Each building, with its unique façade and history, invites exploration and admiration. From the Goldener Baum, a historic inn with a simple Renaissance façade, to the expansive Brauner Hirsch, a Baroque building with impressive stone bases and columns, the square is a feast for the eyes.

Lower Market Square is not just a testament to Görlitz's architectural heritage; it's a vibrant part of the city's present. Today, the square is home to cafes, shops, and events that draw locals and tourists alike. Whether you're sipping coffee at an outdoor café or exploring the historic buildings, Lower Market Square offers a captivating blend of history, culture, and modern life.

In conclusion, Lower Market Square in Görlitz is a destination that promises an unforgettable journey through time. Its rich history, stunning architecture, and lively atmosphere make it an essential stop for anyone visiting this beautiful city. So, take a leisurely stroll, soak in the history, and let Lower Market Square enchant you with its timeless charm.