Port of London Authority

The Port of London Authority (PLA) in Gravesend is a fascinating and historic institution that plays a crucial role in the management and conservation of the River Thames. This self-funding public trust was established on 31 March 1909 under the Port of London Act 1908, and its responsibilities extend over the Tideway of the River Thames and its continuation into the Kent/Essex strait. The PLA ensures the safe navigation of the river, protects its environment, and maintains its heritage, making it a vital part of London's maritime history.

The Historical Significance of the PLA

The PLA was created to bring order and efficiency to the bustling Port of London, which was once the busiest port in the world. The authority inherited the responsibilities and private police forces of the various dock companies that had previously managed the docks along the Thames. These docks have since closed to commercial traffic, with the exception of the Port of Tilbury, which was privatized in 1992. Today, the PLA focuses on managing the tidal stretch of the River Thames, ensuring the safety and well-being of the port and its activities.

The PLA's jurisdiction extends from Teddington Lock, the upstream limit of the tidal river, to the end of the Kent/Essex strait of the North Sea, covering a total of about 95 miles (150 km). This extensive area includes the iconic cityscape of London and stretches out to the estuary, where the river meets the sea. The PLA does not cover the Medway or the Swale, but it plays a crucial role in managing the traffic and environmental conservation of the Thames.

Exploring the PLA Headquarters in Gravesend

The PLA's main headquarters are located in London River House and Royal Terrace Pier in Gravesend. This picturesque town on the south bank of the Thames offers visitors a glimpse into the rich maritime history of the area. The PLA also maintains a presence in the City of London, with offices at Pinnacle House on St. Dunstan's Hill, where the Chair and Chief Executive are based.

Gravesend is home to the PLA's main Port Control facility, which coordinates ship traffic on the Thames. This facility, along with the Thames Barrier Navigation Centre in Woolwich, operates the Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) system. The VTS system uses 16 radar stations along the river and estuary to ensure the safe and efficient movement of vessels within the PLA's area of responsibility.

The PLA's Fleet and Facilities

The PLA owns Denton Wharf and Jetty in Gravesend, which serves as the main base for its fleet of more than 40 vessels. This fleet includes channel surveying vessels, launches for harbour and river patrols, and various other craft designed for specific tasks such as mooring maintenance, driftwood clearance, and oil spill response. The PLA also operates two pilot stations at Harwich and Ramsgate, from which pilots are sent out to guide large vessels entering and leaving the Port of London.

Among the PLA's fleet are several notable vessels, including the London Titan, a mooring maintenance vessel, and Driftwood II and Driftwood III, which are primarily designed for the clearance of driftwood and other debris from the river. The PLA Diver is a diving support vessel, while Impulse is a pusher tug used for handling barges and performing salvage and clearance work. The fleet also includes hydrographic surveying vessels equipped with advanced technology to conduct detailed surveys of the riverbed and channels.

The Role of the PLA in Environmental Conservation

In addition to managing navigation and safety, the PLA is deeply committed to protecting the environment of the River Thames. The authority undertakes various conservation activities, including dredging and maintaining certain riverbanks, and works to encourage both commercial and leisure uses of the river. The PLA's efforts help to ensure that the Thames remains a vibrant and sustainable waterway for future generations.

The PLA's conservation work also extends to the preservation of the river's historical and cultural heritage. For example, the PLA is responsible for the operation of Richmond Lock, a unique and historic lock that helps to manage water levels in the upper reaches of the tidal Thames. The authority also plays a role in promoting the rich history of the river and its importance to the development of London and the surrounding areas.

Visiting the PLA and the River Thames

For visitors to Gravesend and the surrounding areas, the PLA offers a unique opportunity to explore the history and operations of one of the world's most important ports. The Royal Terrace Pier and Denton Wharf provide fascinating insights into the daily activities of the PLA, while the picturesque riverside setting offers plenty of opportunities for leisurely walks and boat trips along the Thames.

The PLA's commitment to safety, conservation, and heritage makes it a vital institution for the River Thames and the Port of London. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a maritime aficionado, or simply looking for a unique and educational day out, the Port of London Authority in Gravesend is a must-visit destination. Its rich history, impressive fleet, and dedication to preserving the river's environment ensure that the PLA continues to play a crucial role in the life of the Thames and its surrounding communities.