The Pre- and Protohistorical Collection at the University of Jena, known locally as the Ur- und frühgeschichtliche Sammlung der Universität Jena, is a captivating treasure trove of ancient artifacts nestled in the heart of Jena, Thuringia. This collection, with its roots tracing back to 1863, offers an enthralling glimpse into the distant past, showcasing relics that span from the Paleolithic era to the Early Modern period. Visitors to this collection are in for a journey through time, exploring the rich tapestry of human history and culture.
The origins of the Pre- and Protohistorical Collection are steeped in history. Initially established as the Germanic Museum of the University of Jena, it has undergone several transformations over the years. This collection has grown to include approximately 45,000 inventory units from around 1,500 predominantly European archaeological sites, with about 1,000 of these located in Central Germany. The collection's extensive range of artifacts, including ceramics, stone and metal tools, weapons, and even objects made from silver, gold, ivory, and wood, paints a vivid picture of ancient life.
Among the captivating exhibits are the intricate pottery and tools that tell stories of the Bandkeramik and Schnurkeramik cultures. These artifacts have been instrumental in the initial description of archaeological cultures and periods. The collection also features significant finds such as Paleolithic artifacts from Oelknitz, the Celtic Schnabelkanne of Borsch, and the La Tène period Maskenfibel from Ostheim vor der Rhön. Each piece offers a unique glimpse into the lives of the people who once inhabited these lands.
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The collection owes much of its early development to Friedrich Klopfleisch, a pioneering figure in prehistorical archaeology. Teaching at the university since 1859, Klopfleisch dedicated his life to exploring and documenting the architectural and artistic monuments of Thuringia. His passion for archaeology led to the establishment of the Germanic Museum in 1863, where he contributed his own collection of prehistoric, ethnographic, and art historical objects.
Klopfleisch's legacy is evident in the vast number of artifacts sourced from his own excavations. Over three decades, he conducted more than 150 excavations at over 80 sites, primarily in Jena and Weimar, but extending throughout Thuringia and neighboring regions. His work laid the foundation for future archaeological research and education at the university.
While the Pre- and Protohistorical Collection is not always open to the public, it occasionally offers glimpses of its treasures through smaller exhibitions and loans to regional museums. These opportunities allow visitors to experience firsthand the artifacts that have shaped our understanding of ancient cultures. The collection also plays a vital role in national and international exhibitions, furthering its impact on the global stage.
The collection is integral to the University of Jena's Department of Prehistory and Early History. Since 1859, the university has offered courses in prehistoric archaeology, with a dedicated professorship established in 1934. This academic focus ensures that the collection continues to be a valuable resource for research and education, influencing generations of archaeologists and historians.
As the Pre- and Protohistorical Collection at the University of Jena continues to evolve, it remains a beacon of historical inquiry and discovery. Its significance extends beyond its physical artifacts, serving as a testament to the enduring curiosity and dedication of those who seek to uncover the mysteries of our shared past. Whether you're a history enthusiast or simply curious about the ancient world, this collection offers a fascinating window into humanity's journey through time.
In conclusion, the Pre- and Protohistorical Collection at the University of Jena is more than just a repository of ancient artifacts; it is a living testament to the rich and varied history of Europe. Its halls echo with the stories of the past, inviting visitors to step back in time and explore the lives of those who came before us. Whether you're drawn by the allure of ancient pottery or the intrigue of prehistoric tools, this collection promises a captivating adventure into the depths of history.
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