île des Loups

Île des Loups, nestled in the serene waters of the Marne River, is a hidden gem in the charming communes of Nogent-sur-Marne and Le Perreux-sur-Marne, France. This picturesque island, stretching 800 meters in length, offers a delightful blend of natural beauty, historical intrigue, and a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of urban life.

A Glimpse into History

The history of Île des Loups dates back to the 14th century, with its name evoking tales of wolves seeking refuge during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. The island has long been a site of human activity, particularly for fishing. Historical documents from the 18th century reveal the presence of gords, wooden stakes planted in the riverbed to which nets were attached, in the river branch separating Île des Loups from Île du Moulin. This branch was known as Gord Saint-Antoine.

During the Ancien Régime, the island's trees were harvested for firewood and fascines to prevent riverbank erosion. The island's rich natural resources have always played a crucial role in its history.

The Era of Guinguettes

The 19th century brought a new wave of development to Île des Loups. The island became a popular destination for leisure, with the construction of houses, guinguettes (open-air taverns), and even a maison close. Remnants of this vibrant past can still be seen today, including an old tennis court, a fountain, and an artificial river.

In 1879, the Société d'encouragement du sport nautique, known as l'Encou, established its rowing club on the island. The club remains active to this day, a testament to the island's enduring appeal for water sports enthusiasts.

The 20th Century: A Changing Landscape

The 1920s saw Île des Loups become a haven for celebrities, thanks to the nearby Joinville Studios. Renowned actors such as Jean Gabin, Marcel Carné, Michel Simon, and Marlene Dietrich were among the island's illustrious visitors. However, the post-World War II era marked a decline in the island's population. Concerns over flooding led to a ban on new construction, and many residents began to leave. Today, around ten historic buildings are still inhabited, preserving a glimpse of the island's storied past.

Geographical Features

Île des Loups is strategically located, serving as a support for the Pont de Nogent and the Viaduc de Nogent-sur-Marne. Despite its accessibility only by boat, the island is home to a small community of around thirty residents, divided between the communes of Nogent-sur-Marne and Le Perreux-sur-Marne. The island boasts approximately twenty houses, two rowing clubs, and a reception venue. The eastern part of the island is particularly notable for its private pools, visible in satellite images.

The heart of the island is dominated by a 3.5-hectare woodland, providing a lush habitat for a variety of protected species.

Biodiversity: A Sanctuary for Flora and Fauna

Île des Loups is a vital refuge for wildlife, especially given its proximity to urban areas and the busy Autoroute de l'Est. The island is home to a diverse array of species, including grey herons, tawny owls, kingfishers, red squirrels, and the rare stag beetle. Notably, the island hosts a unique variety of hedgehog, the leucistic European hedgehog, also found on the Channel Island of Alderney.

The surrounding waters are equally rich in biodiversity, with around twenty fish species, a significant increase from the mere eight species recorded in 1870 when the Marne was heavily polluted.

Flora: A Verdant Haven

The island's woodlands are a haven for a variety of trees, including chestnuts, oaks, and elms, as well as human-planted species such as yews, red hazelnuts, and an ancient plane tree. The undergrowth is abundant with ivy, adding to the island's lush greenery.

Conservation Efforts

In recognition of its ecological importance, the Île des Loups Environnement association, affiliated with France Nature Environnement, is dedicated to promoting, protecting, and restoring the island's natural habitats. The association Au fil de l'eau offers educational visits for school groups and individuals, providing guided tours along the island's nature trail.

A Cinematic Connection

Île des Loups has also made its mark in cinema. In the film Panique, the character Désiré Hire, played by Michel Simon, owns a house on the island, where he hosts a memorable engagement party.

In conclusion, Île des Loups is more than just a picturesque island; it is a living testament to centuries of history, a sanctuary for wildlife, and a tranquil escape for those seeking a connection with nature. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply in search of a peaceful retreat, Île des Loups offers a unique and unforgettable experience.