St. Bartholomäus

St. Bartholomäus, also known locally as Sankt-Bartholomäus-Kapelle, is a hidden gem nestled in the charming town of Lichtenfels, Bavaria, Germany. This quaint chapel, with its rich history and artistic treasures, offers a serene retreat and a glimpse into the past of this picturesque region.

The Historical Roots of St. Bartholomäus

The origins of St. Bartholomäus can be traced back to the 14th century when it served as a modest chapel for the local community. The village of Unterwallenstadt, where the chapel is located, was initially part of the rural municipality of Oberwallenstadt until it was incorporated into the town of Lichtenfels on April 1, 1959. The chapel stands at the heart of Unterwallenstadt, on Lindenplatz, and has been a focal point for the community for centuries.

In the years between 1735 and 1743, the chapel underwent significant expansion, resulting in the structure that visitors see today. This period marked the transformation of the chapel, giving it its present-day form with the addition of the extended nave. Over the centuries, the chapel has seen numerous renovations, the most recent of which took place in 2012, thanks to the combined efforts of the Archdiocese of Bamberg, the parish, the Upper Franconia Foundation, the municipality, and private donors.

Architectural and Artistic Highlights

One of the most striking features of St. Bartholomäus is its artistic interior. The high altar painting, titled St. Anne Teaching Mary, was created around 1740 by Christoph Wilhelm Meuser from Schney near Lichtenfels. Meuser is also known for his works in the nearby Banz Monastery and the city parish church of Lichtenfels. The painting captures a tender moment between St. Anne and the young Virgin Mary, reflecting the artist's mastery in depicting religious themes.

The chapel's ceiling is adorned with a dramatic depiction of the martyrdom of St. Bartholomew. This central ceiling painting portrays the saint's gruesome fate of being flayed alive. The scene shows two executioners tormenting the saint, who is bound to a scaffold, while King Astyages looks on from a balcony, having ordered the execution. In the upper part of the painting, St. Bartholomew is depicted ascending to heaven, his flayed skin draped over his arm, surrounded by a halo of clouds and divine light. This vivid portrayal is believed to be inspired by a copper engraving by the Lorraine engraver Jacques Callot from 1632.

Additionally, the chapel houses wooden statues of St. Bartholomew and the Virgin Mary, dating back to around 1500. These finely crafted figures are attributed to unknown Franconian woodcarvers and add to the chapel's historical and artistic allure.

Traditions and Community Involvement

The St. Bartholomäus Chapel is not just a place of worship but also a focal point for local traditions and community activities. The Chapel Preservation Association, originally founded as the Men's Association in 1901 and renamed in 1951, plays a vital role in maintaining the chapel and its surroundings. This association works in close coordination with the parish Our Lady to ensure the chapel's upkeep and the preservation of local religious traditions.

Among the cherished traditions is the annual Kirchweihfest, celebrated on the Sunday following August 24th, the feast day of St. Bartholomew. This festival brings the community together for a day of worship, celebration, and reflection. Other activities include regular services, memorials, and the ringing of the chapel bell, which has its own poignant history. The original bell, installed in 1901, was melted down for war purposes in 1942 and replaced by a new bell in 1950.

The chapel also serves as a venue for Christmas concerts and weddings, making it a beloved landmark for both solemn and joyous occasions. The Chapel Preservation Association extends its efforts beyond the chapel itself, taking care of other local religious markers such as the Marter at Lindenplatz, the field chapel at the old Reichsstraße/Bayernstraße, and the field cross on Unterwallenstadter Weg.

Conclusion

St. Bartholomäus in Lichtenfels is more than just a chapel; it is a testament to the enduring faith and community spirit of the people of Unterwallenstadt. Its historical significance, artistic treasures, and the dedication of the local community make it a must-visit for anyone exploring the region. Whether you are drawn by its history, its art, or the tranquility it offers, St. Bartholomäus stands as a beacon of heritage and devotion in the heart of Bavaria.