Old Cathedral, Linz

Nestled in the heart of Linz, Austria, the Old Cathedral, or Alter Dom, stands as a testament to the city's rich historical and architectural heritage. With its twin towers and baroque styling, the Old Cathedral is not just a place of worship but also a beacon of Linz's cultural and spiritual journey through the centuries.

Historical Significance

The story of the Old Cathedral begins in the latter half of the 17th century. The Jesuit order, under the patronage of Saint Ignatius of Loyola, laid the foundation stone in 1669. The construction, which took nearly a decade, culminated in 1678 with the church's consecration. Though the architect remains unknown, the plans are attributed to Pietro Francesco Carlone, with contributions from Carlo Antonio Carlone. The church's initial role was to serve the Jesuit community, but its destiny was soon to change.

In 1773, the Jesuit order was suppressed, and the once vibrant church stood vacant. This period of dormancy ended when Emperor Joseph II established the Diocese of Linz in 1785, compelling the Diocese of Passau to relinquish its parishes in Upper Austria. The former Jesuit church was chosen as the cathedral for the new diocese, a role it fulfilled until the early 20th century. The growing population of Linz necessitated a larger cathedral, leading to the construction of the New Cathedral, which took over the role in 1909. The Old Cathedral then returned to the Jesuits, continuing their legacy until 2023, when it became a place of worship for the Ukrainian Greek Catholic community.

Architectural Marvels

The Old Cathedral is a single-nave structure characterized by its spaciousness and light-filled interior, typical of Baroque architecture. The church’s facade, adorned with the coats of arms of the noble families Starhemberg, Weissenwolf, and Kuefstein, sets the tone for the grandeur within.

The High Altar

One of the cathedral's most striking features is the high altar, a masterpiece crafted by Giovanni Battista Colombo and Giovanni Battista Barberini. The altar's centerpiece is a painting depicting the Assumption of Mary, replacing an earlier image of Saint Ignatius. This artwork, originally from the Schwarzspanierkirche in Vienna, adds a layer of historical depth to the cathedral’s already rich tapestry.

The Choir Stalls

The choir stalls, sourced from the Garsten Abbey, were acquired by Bishop Rudigier, who found the existing ones too plain. Transported via waterways to Mauthausen and then by horse to Linz, these stalls are a fine example of ecclesiastical craftsmanship and add to the cathedral's ornate interior.

The Pulpit

The pulpit, with its intricate soundboard, demands special attention. Adorned with putti and the four Evangelists at its corners, the pulpit is crowned by a statue of John the Baptist. At its center stands Jesus, holding the globe, symbolizing his role as the herald of the gospel. This pulpit not only serves a functional role but also stands as a testament to the artistic and theological richness of the Baroque period.

The Bruckner Organ

The Bruckner Organ is another highlight of the Old Cathedral. Created by Franz Xaver Chrismann between 1768 and 1770, the organ was originally intended for the Engelszell Abbey. Following the secularization of the monastery, the instrument was moved to Linz, where it found a permanent home in the newly designated cathedral. The organ underwent several modifications, most notably under the direction of renowned composer and organist Anton Bruckner, who served as the cathedral’s organist from 1856 to 1868. Bruckner’s influence is evident in the organ's design, which features three manuals, a pedal, and 32 stops. The organ's restoration in 2016 by Kuhn ensures that its historic sound continues to resonate through the cathedral.

Final Resting Place

The Old Cathedral also serves as a final resting place for several notable figures. Among them is Maria Elisabeth, daughter of Empress Maria Theresa, and numerous Jesuits who passed away before the order's dissolution. The cathedral was also the burial site for the bishops of Linz until 1924, after which their remains were transferred to the New Cathedral.

In conclusion, the Old Cathedral in Linz is more than just a historical monument; it is a living chronicle of the city’s spiritual and cultural evolution. Its baroque splendor, coupled with its rich history, makes it an essential destination for anyone visiting Linz. Whether you are drawn by its architectural beauty, its historical significance, or its spiritual ambiance, the Old Cathedral offers a profound and enriching experience that resonates with the echoes of centuries past.