Perched majestically on the hill of La Croix-Rousse in Lyon, the Church of Saint-Bruno des Chartreux, or église Saint-Bruno des Chartreux as it is known locally, stands as a testament to the city's rich religious and architectural heritage. This baroque masterpiece, one of the few in Lyon, offers visitors a glimpse into a past filled with spiritual devotion and artistic grandeur.
The history of the Church of Saint-Bruno des Chartreux is intricately woven with the spiritual revival movements of the late 16th century. During this era, the monarchy and the church sought to reaffirm Catholicism by establishing new convents and expanding existing ones. It was in 1580 that the decision was made to establish a Carthusian monastery in Lyon, leading to the creation of the Chartreuse of Lyon.
The Carthusian monks from Grenoble were the first to settle here, bringing with them a legacy of goodwill with the Lyon clergy. Their relationship dated back to the 12th century when they aided the clerics of Lyon, earning them privileges such as toll exemptions. In 1584, during a visit by King Henry III, the monks seized the opportunity to request permission to establish a monastery. The king not only granted their request but also named the monastery Chartreuse du Lys Saint Esprit.
Construction of the church began in 1590, a full six years after royal approval. The project spanned two centuries, with the first phase concluding in 1690 and the second in the 18th century. The church's design evolved over time, with contributions from notable architects like Ferdinand-Sigismond Delamonce and Jacques-Germain Soufflot, who shaped its final form.
The Church of Saint-Bruno des Chartreux is a jewel of baroque architecture, a rarity in Lyon. Its most striking feature is the dome, which rises to a height of 50 meters and is visible from the city center and beyond. This dome, constructed in the 18th century, is a testament to the ambition of its creators, who intended it to be a landmark visible from afar.
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The facade of the church, redesigned in the 19th century by Louis Sainte-Marie-Perrin, is a harmonious blend of classical elements. It features three progressively recessed levels, with the central section prominently highlighted. The entrance is framed by Ionic columns and Doric pilasters, and above the door, a Latin inscription invites weary souls to find rest within.
The dome itself is an architectural marvel, covered in slate and adorned with eight dormer windows. It rests on a drum made of golden stone, punctuated by oculus windows. At its apex, a lantern crowned with a globe and cross symbolizes the Carthusian Order, reaching skyward as a beacon of faith.
Stepping inside, visitors are greeted by a rich tapestry of art and history. The church's interior is adorned with works by renowned artists such as Thomas Blanchet and Daniel Sarrabat. The small cloister features thirteen frescoes by François Perrier, depicting the life of Saint Bruno, the founder of the Carthusian Order.
The chancel, a remnant of the original 17th-century church, boasts exquisite oak woodwork in the rococo style. Sculpted by Marc II Chabry and François Vanderheyde, the stalles and boiseries are adorned with intricate motifs of shells and floral garlands, showcasing the craftsmanship of the era.
The transept is home to two monumental paintings by Pierre Charles Trémolières, depicting the Assumption of the Virgin and the Ascension of Christ. These paintings are framed by designs by Soufflot and executed by François Vanderheyde. The dome's pendentives are adorned with sculptures of the four Evangelists by Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, adding to the church's artistic splendor.
The Church of Saint-Bruno des Chartreux is not just a place of worship; it is a cultural and historical landmark that continues to inspire awe and reverence. Its baroque beauty and spiritual significance make it an essential stop for visitors to Lyon. Whether you are drawn by its architectural grandeur, its rich history, or its serene atmosphere, a visit to this church promises a journey through time and a deeper connection to the spiritual heart of Lyon.
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