Notre Dame de Mantes

Notre Dame de Mantes, known locally as Collégiale Notre-Dame de Mantes-la-Jolie, stands majestically on the banks of the Seine River in Mantes-la-Jolie, Yvelines, France. This splendid church, with its towering gothic architecture and rich history, is a testament to the grandeur of medieval ecclesiastical design and has been a beacon of faith and artistry for centuries.

The History of Notre Dame de Mantes

The origins of Notre Dame de Mantes date back to the 12th century, with construction likely beginning around 1150. The church was built in three main phases, each contributing to the remarkable structure we see today. Initially, a platform was erected to counteract the sloping terrain, followed by the construction of the lower façade and side walls. The second phase saw the elevation of the walls and the vaulting of the side aisles, with the upper levels of the façade and the nave being completed in the final phase.

The church's design draws inspiration from the grand Notre-Dame de Paris, evident in its three-level elevation and gothic style. The western façade is particularly striking, featuring three grand sculpted portals topped by a rose window and flanked by two towers. Although the towers were significantly altered during 19th-century restorations, they still retain their medieval charm.

Throughout its history, Notre Dame de Mantes has witnessed numerous significant events. During the French Revolution, the church suffered extensive damage, with many statues on the façade being mutilated. These sculptures were later discovered and are now housed in the Musée de l'Hôtel-Dieu and the church’s lapidary collection. In the 19th century, extensive restorations were carried out under the guidance of Alphonse Durand, a student of the famous architect Viollet-le-Duc, ensuring the preservation of this historic monument.

Exploring Notre Dame de Mantes

Visitors to Notre Dame de Mantes are greeted by its awe-inspiring western façade. The central portal, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, showcases intricate sculptures that, despite being damaged during the Revolution, still exude a sense of divine artistry. The other two portals, the Resurrection Portal and the Échevins Portal, are equally captivating, each telling its own unique story through detailed carvings and gothic embellishments.

Stepping inside, the grandeur of the nave immediately captures your attention. The high vessel, divided into three levels, features large arcades supported by alternating strong and weak pillars, vaulted tribunes, and high windows with pointed arches. The nave’s gothic architecture is characterized by its simplicity and elegance, with vast expanses of wall space and minimal horizontal division, reflecting the architectural spirit of 12th-century Parisian designers.

The Vivid Vitraux

One of the most stunning features of Notre Dame de Mantes is its stained glass windows, particularly the grand rose window. Dating back to around 1210, this magnificent piece of art depicts the Last Judgment. The central oculus showcases Christ the Judge, surrounded by a choir of angels and intercessors, all set against a vibrant blue background adorned with red stars. The intricate designs and vivid colors of the rose window are a true feast for the eyes and a highlight of any visit.

The Chapelle de Navarre

Among the many chapels within Notre Dame de Mantes, the Chapelle de Navarre stands out. Founded in 1313 by Marie de Brabant, the second wife of Philip III the Bold, this chapel is dedicated to Saint Paul and Saint Louis. It is a double chapel, resulting from the merging of two chapels between 1352 and 1364. The walls are adorned with 14th-century sculptures of saints and donor queens, with traces of original polychrome paint still visible, adding to its historical and artistic significance.

A Monument of Historical Significance

Notre Dame de Mantes is not just a church; it is a monument of historical and cultural importance. Its dimensions are impressive, with a total length of 67.70 meters and a height of 29.90 meters under the vaults. The towers reach a height of 61 meters, dominating the skyline of Mantes-la-Jolie and offering breathtaking views of the surrounding area.

In recent years, efforts have been made to preserve and restore this magnificent structure. The roof, notable for its decorative swastika motif, was completely redone in 2001-2002, requiring the installation of 44,650 glazed tiles. The rose window underwent restoration in 2003, ensuring that its beauty continues to shine for future generations. The north face of the church was restored in 2012, further enhancing its architectural splendor.

A Visit to Remember

Visiting Notre Dame de Mantes is a journey through time, offering a glimpse into the rich history and architectural brilliance of medieval France. Whether you are an art enthusiast, a history buff, or simply seeking a place of serene beauty, Notre Dame de Mantes promises an unforgettable experience. As you stand beneath its towering arches and gaze upon its intricate details, you can't help but feel a deep sense of awe and reverence for the generations of craftsmen and worshippers who have contributed to this enduring masterpiece.

So, the next time you find yourself in Mantes-la-Jolie, make sure to step into the hallowed halls of Notre Dame de Mantes and immerse yourself in the timeless beauty and profound history of this remarkable church.