In the heart of Montcada i Reixac, nestled within the verdant expanse of the Parc de les Aigües, lies the Conjunt Rec Comtal—a historical gem that offers a captivating glimpse into the region's rich heritage. This remarkable ensemble, protected as a Cultural Asset of Local Interest, comprises the Rec Comtal, the Reixagó (or Casa de la Mina), and the galleries of the mine. Together, they weave a fascinating narrative of water management, engineering ingenuity, and historical significance, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and curious travelers alike.
The origins of the Rec Comtal trace back to the Roman era, when Barcelona was supplied with water through three aqueducts, one of which drew from the Besòs River. This ancient aqueduct laid the groundwork for the Rec Comtal, which played a vital role in the region's water supply and agricultural irrigation for centuries. By the 11th century, the Rec Comtal had become an essential part of the local landscape, contributing to the development of milling and various artisanal activities in Barcelona.
Over the centuries, the Rec Comtal underwent numerous transformations and expansions. Notably, in 1778, during the reign of King Charles III, the decision was made to harness the sub-river waters of the Besòs by constructing the Montcada Mine. This ambitious project, led by engineer Josep Subirats and architects Joan Soler and Josep Mas i Vila, resulted in a 1,430-meter-long mine that channeled water to the Reixagó. The construction was overseen by a dedicated board comprising representatives from the Royal Heritage, the City Council of Barcelona, and local mill and landowners.
Visitors to the Conjunt Rec Comtal are greeted by a picturesque canal, approximately three meters wide and sixty meters long, with clear water flowing serenely through it. The canal's flat bed is constructed from solid brick, and as it passes beneath the Casa de la Mina, it transforms into a vaulted channel with a semi-circular arch. This architectural feature, built with two rows of solid brick, showcases the ingenuity of historical engineering.
The Casa de la Mina itself is an intriguing structure. This small building, with an 11-meter-wide façade and a depth of 8.5 meters, consists of a ground floor and a two-story section that was expanded to three stories during the 1993 renovation. The symmetrical façade of the first section features a scarcery arch portal flanked by two windows with wrought iron grilles. Above the door, a plaque from the Junta Directiva de Aguas de la Acequia Condal y Sus Minas proudly displays the emblem of the organization. The second section of the building boasts a base, a window on each floor, and cornerstones made of exposed brick. The third floor is characterized by a lightweight wooden and glass structure with a large metal sheet overhang.
Behind the Casa de la Mina lies the activity center, complete with a practical terrace. From this vantage point, visitors can access the mine through the basement, which is illuminated for an immersive experience. The mine itself is a marvel of historical engineering, with its walls constructed from masonry and the vault from brick. It features two main branches, one originating from the Ripoll River and the other, more significant branch, from the Besòs River. This latter branch traverses Montcada underground, connecting to the Reixagó through a series of access shafts.
In 1825, the construction of the lower mine, which extended for ten kilometers, further enhanced the water supply system. This new section began at the Reixagó and directed water towards Barcelona, passing through the right side of the Eixample and ending at the Jesús distributor. From there, water was distributed to the lower parts of the city, including Canaletes, Portal de l'Àngel, and Porta Ferrissa.
The Conjunt Rec Comtal is not only a testament to historical water management practices but also a symbol of the region's resilience and adaptability. Throughout its history, it has weathered periods of drought, political changes, and technological advancements. The complex's significance extends beyond its functional role, as it also reflects the socio-economic dynamics of the medieval and modern periods.
Today, the Conjunt Rec Comtal stands as a cherished cultural heritage site, offering visitors a unique opportunity to delve into the past and appreciate the ingenuity of historical water management systems. Whether you're a history buff, an engineering enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to this remarkable site promises a journey through time, revealing the intricate interplay between nature, technology, and human endeavor.
In conclusion, the Conjunt Rec Comtal in Montcada i Reixac is more than just a historical site; it is a living testament to the region's rich heritage and a beacon of human ingenuity. Its canals, buildings, and underground galleries invite visitors to explore and appreciate the remarkable achievements of the past, making it an unmissable destination for anyone visiting this beautiful part of Spain.
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