Viaduc de Morlaix

The Viaduc de Morlaix is an architectural marvel that majestically spans the heart of the quaint town of Morlaix in Brittany, France. This impressive railway viaduct, with its towering arches and robust structure, not only serves as a vital transport link but also stands as a testament to 19th-century engineering prowess. Whether you’re a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply a traveler seeking to capture the spirit of Brittany, the Viaduc de Morlaix offers a captivating glimpse into the past and present of this charming region.

The History of the Viaduc de Morlaix

The story of the Viaduc de Morlaix begins in the mid-19th century, amidst much debate and controversy. Its construction was initially met with resistance from local council members, who feared that such a large structure would impede the natural ventilation of the town, nestled at the bottom of narrow valleys. Despite these concerns, the Compagnie de l'Ouest forged ahead, and construction commenced on July 20, 1861.

By December 11, 1863, the viaduct was handed over to the railway company, and it officially opened for service on April 25, 1865. It wasn’t long before it became an integral part of the railway line connecting Paris-Montparnasse to Brest, facilitating the movement of people and goods across the region.

Architectural Features

The Viaduc de Morlaix is a stunning example of engineering and design, stretching 292 meters in length and soaring 62 meters above the town. Its two-tiered structure comprises nine lower arches and fourteen upper arches, each with a span of 15.50 meters. The viaduct is constructed from a combination of granite and rubble stone, with dressed stone used for key structural elements like angles and cornices.

Victor Fénoux, an engineer involved in its construction, noted that its robust proportions were not only structurally sound but also aesthetically pleasing, giving the viaduct a monumental character that perfectly suits its urban setting. The construction required an impressive 65,830 cubic meters of material, including 11,000 cubic meters of dressed granite and 43 tons of iron.

A Symbol of Resilience

The viaduct’s history is marked by moments of both triumph and tragedy. During World War II, on January 29, 1943, the viaduct was targeted in a strategic bombing raid by the Royal Air Force. Although only one bomb hit its mark, causing a small breach, the raid resulted in significant civilian casualties in Morlaix. Remarkably, the viaduct was swiftly repaired, and rail traffic resumed shortly thereafter, underscoring its resilience and importance.

In recognition of its historical and architectural significance, the Viaduc de Morlaix was listed as a historical monument on October 29, 1975, ensuring its preservation for future generations to admire.

Exploring Morlaix and Its Viaduct

Visitors to Morlaix can enjoy a leisurely stroll through the town’s picturesque streets, with the viaduct serving as a stunning backdrop. The structure’s arches frame views of the town’s charming squares and historic buildings, creating a unique blend of urban and architectural beauty.

For those interested in delving deeper into the history of the viaduct, a visit to the local museum offers insights into its construction and the role it has played in the town’s development. Additionally, guided tours are available, providing an opportunity to learn more about the engineering feats achieved during its construction.

A Gateway to Brittany

Beyond its historical and architectural allure, the Viaduc de Morlaix serves as a gateway to the broader region of Brittany, known for its rugged coastline, rich cultural heritage, and vibrant traditions. From Morlaix, visitors can easily explore nearby attractions such as the enchanting Armorique Regional Natural Park or the picturesque Pink Granite Coast.

Whether you’re exploring the town or venturing further afield, the Viaduc de Morlaix offers a striking reminder of the enduring connection between past and present, and the ways in which history and innovation continue to shape the landscapes we cherish.

In conclusion, the Viaduc de Morlaix is not just a bridge; it is a symbol of human ingenuity and resilience, an enduring landmark that continues to inspire and captivate all who visit. Its arches stand as a testament to the rich history and vibrant spirit of Morlaix, inviting you to discover the stories and sights of this remarkable corner of France.