Ehemaliges Wohnhaus

The Ehemaliges Wohnhaus, known as the Schreiberhaus, is a captivating gem nestled in the heart of Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, Bavaria. As the oldest surviving residential building in the city, this structure offers a unique glimpse into the architectural and cultural evolution of the region over nearly six centuries. Its enduring presence is a testament to the historical richness and resilience of Neumarkt, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

The History of the Schreiberhaus

Constructed around 1430, the Schreiberhaus stands as a proud relic of the Gothic era. Dendrochronological studies have confirmed its age, marking it as the oldest secular building in Neumarkt. Its initial purpose remains a mystery, but it is speculated that the ground floor served a commercial function, while the upper floor housed five rooms, only one of which was heated. The building's unique architectural features, such as the free smoke extraction system above the heated room, provide intriguing insights into medieval living conditions.

Throughout its long history, the Schreiberhaus underwent several significant transformations. In the latter half of the 15th century, a mikveh was installed, indicating the presence of a Jewish family. This period also saw the addition of a barrel vault in the cellar and the construction of an interior staircase, demonstrating the building's adaptability to the needs of its inhabitants.

Architectural Evolution

The Schreiberhaus's architecture reflects the stylistic transitions from the Gothic to the Renaissance and beyond. During the Renaissance period, from 1610 to 1700, a new cellar was added, and the building's exterior was enhanced with a red ochre hue, a departure from its original color scheme. This phase marked a shift towards creating more comfortable living spaces, with the addition of an oven in the ground floor to provide extra warmth.

The late Baroque and Classical period brought another wave of changes in 1780. The building's interiors were updated with stucco ceilings, and the Fachwerk (half-timbered) construction was plastered over on the inside, giving the illusion of a solid masonry structure. These modifications highlight the Schreiberhaus's continuous adaptation to contemporary tastes and functional requirements.

Surviving the Test of Time

Remarkably, the Schreiberhaus survived the devastating air raids of April 1945, which obliterated much of Neumarkt's historic center. Of the 573 buildings within the city walls, only 48, including the Schreiberhaus, remained standing. Its survival is a poignant reminder of the resilience of cultural heritage in the face of adversity.

In the late 20th century, there were plans to dismantle the Schreiberhaus and reconstruct it in an open-air museum. However, the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation opposed this move, leading to the city of Neumarkt acquiring the building and initiating a comprehensive restoration project. The restoration, completed in 2006, focused on preserving the late Baroque and Classical elements, using traditional materials and techniques to maintain its historical integrity.

A Living Monument

Today, the Schreiberhaus serves as the headquarters for the Historical Society of Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz and Surroundings. The upper floor houses the society's library and an exhibition by the Archaeological Working Group, while the ground floor is utilized by the Chevauleger Eskadron Neumarkt, a traditional association dedicated to preserving the legacy of the former Royal Bavarian Cavalry.

Visitors to the Schreiberhaus can immerse themselves in the rich tapestry of Neumarkt's history, exploring the layers of architectural and cultural evolution that this remarkable building embodies. Its proximity to the city archive and its picturesque setting make it an ideal starting point for a journey through Neumarkt's storied past.

Exploring Neumarkt's Heritage

The Schreiberhaus is more than just an architectural marvel; it is a gateway to understanding the broader historical context of Neumarkt. As you wander through its rooms, you can almost hear the echoes of the past, from the bustling commercial activities of the 15th century to the scholarly pursuits of today's historical society.

In conclusion, the Ehemaliges Wohnhaus in Neumarkt is a testament to the city's enduring spirit and commitment to preserving its cultural heritage. Its storied past and beautifully restored architecture offer a fascinating glimpse into the lives of those who have called it home over the centuries. Whether you're a history buff or simply curious about the past, a visit to the Schreiberhaus is sure to be a memorable and enriching experience.