Rotch-Jones-Duff House and Garden Museum

Nestled in the historic heart of New Bedford, Massachusetts, the Rotch-Jones-Duff House and Garden Museum is a splendid testament to the city's rich whaling heritage and architectural brilliance. This Greek Revival mansion, built in 1834, stands as a symbol of the prosperity and elegance that once defined this bustling port city. The house, along with its meticulously maintained gardens, offers visitors a glimpse into the opulent lifestyles of three prominent families who played significant roles in New Bedford's 19th-century whaling industry.

The History of the Rotch-Jones-Duff House

The story of the Rotch-Jones-Duff House begins with William Rotch Jr., a scion of the influential Rotch family, who were early settlers and key figures in New Bedford's rise as a whaling hub. William Rotch Jr. inherited the land from his father and commissioned the young architect Richard Upjohn to design a residence that would reflect his family's status while maintaining a sense of modesty. Upjohn, who would later become a renowned architect, crafted a Greek Revival masterpiece that marked the beginning of his illustrious career.

In 1851, the house was sold to Edward Coffin Jones, a successful shipowner from Nantucket who had moved to New Bedford. The Jones family expanded the gardens and added a pergola, further enhancing the estate's charm. Amelia Hickling Jones, one of Edward's daughters, resided in the house for 85 years and became a notable philanthropist in the community.

The final private owners, the Duff family, acquired the property in 1936. They undertook significant garden renovations, planting thousands of tulips and adding ornamental features. The Duffs' stewardship preserved the estate's grandeur until 1981 when it was purchased by the Waterfront Area Historic League (WHALE). This local preservation group transformed the property into a museum, ensuring its historical significance would be shared with the public.

Exploring the House

The Rotch-Jones-Duff House is a stunning example of Greek Revival architecture, characterized by its symmetrical design, grand columns, and elegant detailing. The two-story yellow building features a three-bay facade with a prominent front veranda and a balcony with a balustrade at both ends. The house's interior retains many original elements, including mahogany doors with walnut veneer, elliptical profiles on the cornerstones and plinths, and ornate cornices and medallions.

As you step inside, you'll be transported back to the 19th century, with rooms furnished to reflect the different periods of the house's history. Each room tells a story, from the Rotch family's early days to the Jones' era of expansion and the Duffs' contributions to the gardens. The museum's exhibits provide a comprehensive look at New Bedford's whaling industry, the environmental impact of whaling, and the cultural and social history of the city.

The Gardens

The gardens of the Rotch-Jones-Duff House are a highlight of any visit. Spanning one acre, the grounds feature a blend of formal and informal garden styles, reflecting the tastes of the estate's three private owners. The formal boxwood garden, with its tall dragon arum and intricate patterns, showcases the Rotch family's appreciation for horticulture. The Jones family added a woodland walk and a pergola, creating a serene retreat within the bustling city. The Duff family's contributions include ornamental plantings and pathways that invite visitors to explore the garden's many delights.

The garden is not only a place of beauty but also an educational resource. The museum offers integrated programs for local schools, teaching students about horticulture, ecology, and the history of New Bedford's whaling industry. Seasonal events, such as garden tours and horticultural workshops, provide additional opportunities for visitors to engage with the garden's rich heritage.

A National Historic Landmark

In 2005, the Rotch-Jones-Duff House and Garden Museum was designated a National Historic Landmark, recognizing its significance in American history and architecture. This prestigious designation ensures the preservation of the estate for future generations to appreciate and enjoy. The house is also part of the New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park, highlighting its integral role in the city's maritime history.

Visitors to the Rotch-Jones-Duff House and Garden Museum will find themselves immersed in a world of elegance, history, and natural beauty. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a garden lover, or simply looking for a peaceful retreat, this museum offers a unique and enriching experience. As you stroll through the house and gardens, you'll gain a deeper understanding of New Bedford's past and the enduring legacy of the families who shaped this remarkable estate.