Musée Bernadotte

In the charming city of Pau, nestled in the region of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, lies a gem of historical significance and cultural richness – the Musée Bernadotte. This museum, dedicated to the fascinating life of Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, a man who rose from humble beginnings to become a Marshal of the Empire and eventually the King of Sweden and Norway, offers a captivating journey through history, art, and personal memorabilia.

The Historical Significance of the Building

The Musée Bernadotte is housed in the birthplace of Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, a bourgeois residence known as the Maison Balagué. This typical Béarnaise house, dating back to the 18th century, is a splendid example of the region's urban architecture. Constructed with pebbles, bricks, and dressed stones, and featuring wooden galleries overlooking the courtyard, the building itself is a testament to the traditional lifestyle of a Béarnaise family of that era. The house has been classified as a historical monument since 1953, preserving its architectural integrity and historical ambiance.

The Journey to Becoming a Museum

The story of the Musée Bernadotte's establishment is as intriguing as the life of its namesake. In 1841, the city of Pau received a proposal from Sweden to purchase the building. Although initial discussions did not bear fruit, the idea of preserving Bernadotte's birthplace persisted. Over the years, the house attracted visits from Swedish royalty, including Queen Josephine in 1872, Crown Prince Gustav V in 1878, and King Oscar II in 1892 and 1899. The desire to honor Bernadotte's legacy continued to grow.

In 1928, Dr. Philippe Tissié reignited efforts to preserve the building, envisioning it as a museum that would symbolize the enduring connection between France and Sweden. Despite initial setbacks, the vision eventually materialized. By 1935, the house had fallen into disrepair, prompting the formation of the Association des Amis du Musée Bernadotte to safeguard its future. A collection of Bernadotte's personal belongings was assembled, laying the foundation for the museum.

World War II brought financial challenges, but the determination to reopen the museum remained strong. With support from the Swedish ambassador to France and a joint financial effort by the city of Pau and the Swedish crown, the museum was revitalized. Gunnar Lundberg, director of the Institut Tessin, was tasked with establishing the museum, and in 2018, the bicentennial of Bernadotte's ascension to the Swedish throne was celebrated with a visit from the Swedish royal family.

An Enriching Collection

The Musée Bernadotte's collection is a treasure trove of artifacts that chronicle the extraordinary life of Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte. The core of the collection, known as the Lundberg donation, has been augmented over the years by contributions from various Swedish kings. Visitors can explore a wide array of items, including paintings, miniatures, watercolors, drawings, engravings, snuffboxes, porcelain, rare books and prints, coins and medals, letters, dispatches, and personal mementos such as Bernadotte's saber, spurs, and gloves.

One of the museum's highlights is the letter in which Napoleon Bonaparte grants Bernadotte permission to accept his nomination as the Crown Prince of Sweden. The museum also features extensive royal iconography, with numerous documents, engravings, and paintings depicting the reign of Charles XIV John (Bernadotte) and his successors.

A Symbol of Franco-Swedish Friendship

The Musée Bernadotte is more than just a repository of historical artifacts; it is a symbol of the enduring friendship between France and Sweden. The museum's establishment and continued operation reflect the shared memories and deep connections between the two nations. It serves as a cultural bridge, fostering mutual understanding and appreciation.

Exploring the Museum

As you step into the Musée Bernadotte, you are transported back in time to the 18th century. The carefully preserved rooms offer a glimpse into the daily life of a Béarnaise family, with period furnishings and decor that evoke the era's charm. The museum's layout guides you through Bernadotte's remarkable journey, from his early days as a soldier to his rise through the ranks of the French Revolutionary Army, his tenure as a Marshal of France under Napoleon, and ultimately his ascension to the Swedish throne.

Each room tells a story, with informative displays and engaging exhibits that bring Bernadotte's legacy to life. The museum's intimate setting allows visitors to connect with history on a personal level, making it a truly immersive experience.

A Must-Visit Destination

Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply curious about the fascinating life of Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, the Musée Bernadotte in Pau is a must-visit destination. Its rich collection, historical significance, and cultural importance make it a unique and enriching experience. As you explore the museum, you will gain a deeper appreciation for the remarkable journey of a man who left an indelible mark on two nations, and the enduring bond between France and Sweden.