Old bridge of Poissy

In the charming town of Poissy, nestled in the heart of the Yvelines department in France, lies a hidden gem of historical significance – the Old bridge of Poissy (or Ancien pont de Poissy in the local language). This ancient structure, a testament to the engineering prowess of bygone eras, once spanned the mighty Seine River, serving as a vital commercial artery and a strategic military point. Today, the remnants of this venerable bridge whisper tales of its storied past, inviting visitors to step back in time and explore its fascinating history.

The Origins and Early History

The origins of the Old bridge of Poissy are shrouded in mystery and legend. Various historical accounts offer differing theories about its construction. Some suggest it dates back to the Carolingian era, while others believe it was built on the foundations of an ancient Roman bridge. What is certain, however, is that by the 12th century, a wooden bridge existed at this location, as documented by Thibaut de Marly in 1162. By the early 13th century, the bridge had been reconstructed in stone, becoming a crucial link for trade and travel between Poissy and Carrières-sous-Poissy.

The Bridge in the Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, the Old bridge of Poissy played a pivotal role in the region's economy and defense. The bridge's strategic location made it a vital crossing point for cattle being herded from Normandy and the Vexin to the bustling livestock market in Poissy. The bridge also supported various economic activities, including milling and fishing, with numerous arches housing mills and fisheries.

In 1221, King Philip Augustus granted Poissy the status of a free commune, allowing the construction of fortifications, including a fortified gate at the bridge's entrance. The bridge itself was fortified and served as a toll point for both road and river traffic. The tolls collected from passing boats and vehicles contributed significantly to the town's revenue.

The Pêcheries and Batellerie

Fishing was a major activity on the Old bridge of Poissy, with each of its arches bearing a unique name. Fishermen would cast their nets from the bridge, taking advantage of the Seine's abundant fish stocks. The right to fish under the bridge's arches was highly coveted and often granted by the king to favored individuals. By 1213, Bernard Lequeux had been granted permission to install his nets under the main arch, known as la Maîtresse.

The bridge also posed challenges for river navigation, with strong currents and eddies complicating the passage of boats. The Maître du pont and a team of boatmen assisted vessels in navigating the treacherous waters, ensuring safe passage. The bridge's strategic importance was further underscored by the installation of a cabestan (a type of capstan) on the port of Bourget d'en-Haut, used to tow boats through the bridge's arches.

The Moulins of the Old Bridge

The Old bridge of Poissy was home to several mills, which played a crucial role in the local economy. The first known mill, built in 1209 by Bernard Lequeux, was later acquired by the Hôtel-Dieu in 1227. By 1300, the prioress of Saint-Louis-de-Poissy owned the mill, which became known as the Grand Moulin des Dames. Despite being destroyed during the Hundred Years' War, the mill was rebuilt and continued to operate, providing a vital source of income for the priory.

Other mills on the bridge included those on arches 11 and 14, which generated significant revenue for the priory. The mills ground grain for the local population and supplied flour to the chapel of the maladrerie (leper hospital) and the Hôtel-Dieu.

Destruction and Legacy

The Old bridge of Poissy stood as a testament to medieval engineering and resilience for centuries. However, it was not immune to the ravages of time and conflict. During World War II, the bridge was heavily damaged, and much of its structure was destroyed in 1944. Today, only six arches remain visible, a poignant reminder of the bridge's former glory.

Efforts are underway to preserve and honor the legacy of the Old bridge of Poissy. A project to construct a pedestrian bridge on its remnants is slated for completion by 2024, offering visitors a unique opportunity to walk in the footsteps of history.

Visiting the Old Bridge of Poissy

For those seeking to explore the rich history of Poissy, a visit to the Old bridge of Poissy is a must. Stroll along the Seine's banks and take in the serene beauty of the remaining arches, reflecting on the bridge's storied past. Imagine the bustling activity of traders, fishermen, and boatmen who once relied on this vital crossing.

As you stand on the banks of the Seine, gazing at the ancient stone arches, you'll feel a deep connection to the generations who have traversed this historic bridge. The Old bridge of Poissy is not just a relic of the past; it is a symbol of resilience, ingenuity, and the enduring spirit of the people of Poissy.

In conclusion, the Old bridge of Poissy is a captivating destination for history enthusiasts and casual visitors alike. Its rich history, architectural significance, and picturesque setting make it a must-visit site in the Yvelines region. Whether you're exploring the remnants of the bridge or simply enjoying a leisurely walk along the Seine, the Old bridge of Poissy offers a unique glimpse into the past and a serene escape from the modern world.