Salamanca New Cathedral

Salamanca New Cathedral, known locally as Catedral Nueva de Salamanca, stands as a monumental testament to architectural splendor and historical depth in the heart of Salamanca, Spain. This magnificent cathedral, alongside the Old Cathedral, forms a unique duality that symbolizes the city's rich ecclesiastical heritage. The New Cathedral, constructed between 1533 and 1733, is a stunning blend of late Gothic, Plateresque, and Baroque styles, making it one of the most visually captivating structures in Spain.

The Birth of a Masterpiece

The idea to build Salamanca New Cathedral arose in the 15th century, driven by the city's burgeoning population and the growing prominence of the University of Salamanca. The Old Cathedral, though cherished, was deemed insufficient to accommodate the increasing number of faithful. With the support of King Ferdinand V of Castile, architects Antón Egas and Alonso Rodríguez were commissioned to design a new temple that would stand parallel to the old one.

The construction began in 1513, with the first stone laid by Bishop Francisco de Bobadilla. The project faced numerous challenges, including a lengthy hiatus during the 17th century due to financial constraints. It wasn't until the 18th century that the cathedral was finally completed. The building's south wall rests on the north wall of the Old Cathedral, creating a fascinating architectural interplay between the two structures.

Architectural Brilliance

The New Cathedral's design showcases a remarkable blend of styles. The late Gothic influence is evident in its flying buttresses and intricate vaults, while the Plateresque and Baroque elements add a layer of ornamental richness. The cathedral's rectangular plan features three naves and two additional chapels, creating a sense of vastness and grandeur.

One of the most striking features of Salamanca New Cathedral is its bell tower, which stands at an impressive 92 meters. Originally more slender and reminiscent of the Cathedral of Segovia, the tower was reinforced after the devastating Lisbon earthquake of 1755. The earthquake left visible cracks and damaged stained glass windows, necessitating significant repairs. The dome was rebuilt by architect Juan de Sagarvinaga, and the bell tower was strengthened with taut chains and stone lining, giving it its current robust appearance.

Interior Splendor

Stepping inside Salamanca New Cathedral is like entering a different world. The interior, similar to that of the Cathedral of Seville, exudes a sense of amplitude and luminosity. The central nave is flanked by two side naves, creating an impressive vertical space. The pillars, adorned with thin columns, support the intricate vaults, which feature a variety of ribbed patterns, adding to the visual complexity and beauty.

The Main Chapel, with its rectangular plan and starred vault, is a highlight of the cathedral's interior. Although it lacks an altarpiece, the chapel's crimson velvet canopy and the image of the Virgin of the Assumption by Esteban de Rueda create a focal point of reverence and beauty. The marble and jasper tabernacle by Simón Gavilán and the silver urns containing the remains of Saint John of Sahagún and Saint Thomas of Villanova further enhance the chapel's sacred atmosphere.

The Choir and Organs

The choir, built between 1730 and 1740 by Joaquín de Churriguera, is another masterpiece within the cathedral. The choir stalls, arranged in high and low sections, showcase the craftsmanship of various artists. The grilles that enclose the choir and the Main Chapel are the work of Duperier, adding a touch of elegance and refinement.

Salamanca New Cathedral boasts two magnificent organs: the Epistle Organ, built in the 16th century in Renaissance style, and the Gospel Organ, a Baroque masterpiece constructed in 1744 by Master Pedro Echaverría. The latter was restored in 1992 with the help of the Japanese monarchy, regaining its original character and incorporating an electric system for the air pumps.

Lateral Chapels and Altars

The cathedral's lateral chapels and altars are designed with a single model, featuring star-shaped vaults and arcosolios intended for burials. Each chapel is unique, with varying styles and qualities of grilles and altarpiece decorations. Notable among these is the Chapel of San Clemente, which houses paintings of the Virgin del Socorro and Saint Clement, and provides access to the exterior terrace above the main doorway.

A Living Monument

Declared a national monument by royal decree in 1887, Salamanca New Cathedral continues to captivate visitors with its architectural splendor and historical significance. The cathedral's walls bear the marks of history, from the Lisbon earthquake to the Napoleonic French army's demolition of nearby houses, which created the current Plaza de Anaya and highlighted the north façade.

Today, Salamanca New Cathedral stands not just as a place of worship, but as a living monument to the city's rich cultural and religious heritage. Its towering presence and intricate details invite visitors to explore and appreciate the artistry and devotion that went into its creation. Whether you're an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to Salamanca New Cathedral is an unforgettable journey through time and beauty.