Zubovai Palace

In the heart of Šiauliai, Lithuania, sits the majestic Zubovai Palace, known locally as Zubovų rūmai. This splendid edifice, steeped in history and architectural elegance, is a must-visit for anyone exploring the cultural heritage of Lithuania. The palace, which now houses the Faculty of Arts of Šiauliai University, offers a captivating glimpse into the past, with stories that span centuries and echo the grandeur of bygone eras.

The Early Days of Zubovai Palace

The origins of Zubovai Palace can be traced back to the post-1765 period, a time when Antanas Tyzenhauzas was appointed as the administrator of the Šiauliai Economy. Under his guidance, the estate was redesigned in the classical style, featuring a rectangular structure that became a hallmark of the area. The exact date of the construction of the initial manor buildings remains a mystery, but historical records from 1786 and 1789 indicate the presence of a two-story brick residence for the administrator, complete with adjacent living quarters and a carriage ring.

The estate was not just a residence but a thriving hub of activity, with a rectangular park, an orchard boasting apple, pear, cherry, and plum trees, and various outbuildings, including stables and homes for the estate's workers. The manor's influence extended into the town, with plots of land allocated for artisans and new streets lined with both brick and wooden houses.

The Zubov Era

The palace's history took a significant turn in 1795, following the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Empress Catherine II of Russia granted the Šiauliai Economy, including the central manor, to her favorite, Platon Zubov, one of the key figures in the partition. The Zubov family, although not permanent residents of the palace, left an indelible mark on its history.

During the Napoleonic Wars, the palace served as a temporary refuge for Tsar Alexander I and other high-ranking officials. The estate witnessed numerous historical events, including the diplomatic maneuvers that led to the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807. The Zubov family continued to influence the estate through subsequent generations, with Dmitrijus Zubovas initiating the construction of a new summer residence in the late 19th century, which now forms part of the Šiauliai University complex.

A Center of Culture and Education

The Zubovai Palace has long been a center of cultural and educational activities. In 1898, a girls' gymnasium was established on a plot of land donated by the Zubov family, using bricks produced in their own factories. The palace grounds also saw the transformation of its park, evolving from a formal rectangular layout to a more free-form English style by the end of the 20th century. The park, which was open to the townspeople, became a beloved recreational space, complete with tennis courts, children's playgrounds, and a summer theater.

Throughout the years, the palace played a crucial role in the dissemination of Lithuanian literature and culture, especially during the period of press prohibition. It served as a distribution point for contraband literature, including the works of prominent Lithuanian writers and social democrats. The palace's library, supported by the Zubov family, became a repository of knowledge and a beacon of enlightenment for the local community.

The Modern Era

In the 20th century, the Zubovai Palace underwent significant changes. With the Zubov family no longer residing there, the buildings were repurposed for various institutions. In 1923, the Aušra Museum was established within the manor buildings, and the Kultūra society found a home there. The palace continued to adapt to the needs of the community, with parts of the estate being demolished to make way for urban development.

Today, the Zubovai Palace stands as a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of Šiauliai. Its halls and galleries echo with the stories of the past, while its current role as an educational institution ensures that it remains a vibrant part of the community. Visitors to the palace can explore its architectural beauty, stroll through its historic park, and immerse themselves in the legacy of the Zubov family and their contributions to Lithuanian culture.

Visiting Zubovai Palace

A visit to the Zubovai Palace is a journey through time, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and education. As you walk through its stately rooms and manicured gardens, you can almost hear the whispers of the past and feel the presence of the many figures who have called this place home. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a culture buff, or simply looking for a serene and beautiful place to explore, the Zubovai Palace in Šiauliai is sure to leave a lasting impression.