Harbour of Spijkenisse

The Harbour of Spijkenisse (Haven van Spijkenisse) is a captivating blend of historical significance and modern charm nestled in the heart of Spijkenisse, Netherlands. This picturesque harbor, with its serene waters and quaint surroundings, offers visitors a unique glimpse into the town's rich past and vibrant present.

The Origins of the Harbour

The origins of the Harbour of Spijkenisse can be traced back to the 12th century when it was a natural creek known as De Ritte. This creek, which flowed from the southwest to the Oude Maas, played a crucial role in the early settlement of the area. By the late 12th century, farmers began to settle along its banks, marking the beginning of Spijkenisse. Over time, the creek was transformed into a harbor, serving the community for centuries.

The Evolution of the Harbour

In its early days, the Harbour of Spijkenisse was a tidal harbor, influenced by the ebb and flow of the Oude Maas. This natural phenomenon was ingeniously utilized to keep the harbor at an optimal depth. Water was held in a sluice after the tide came in and then released during low tide, washing away silt and debris and maintaining the harbor's depth. This method, known as spuien, was used until 1962 when the sluice was filled in.

Key Functions of the Harbour

Throughout its history, the Harbour of Spijkenisse served multiple purposes that were vital to the town's development and economy.

Grain Mills by the Harbour

In the late Middle Ages, a water-powered grain mill was built right by the harbor. This mill operated twice a day during low tide, using the force of the water to turn the millstones and grind grain. In the 19th century, the tidal mill was replaced by a windmill, Nooitgedacht, which still stands today as a testament to the town's industrious past.

Disposal of Polder Water

To manage excess water from the surrounding polders, a system of windmills was established in the 16th century to drain water into the harbor and then into the Oude Maas. This system was later modernized in 1881 with the construction of the steam pumping station De Leeuw van Putten, ensuring efficient water management regardless of wind conditions.

The Harbour as a Transport Hub

For centuries, the Harbour of Spijkenisse was a bustling center for the transportation of goods and people. Before the construction of a bridge over the Oude Maas in 1902, water transport was the primary means of moving goods and passengers. The harbor facilitated the import of materials like wood, reeds, gravel, and cement, and the export of local produce such as grain, potatoes, and flax.

Source of Drinking Water

Historically, the harbor also served as a crucial source of drinking water for the residents of Spijkenisse. However, this reliance on harbor water led to a typhus epidemic in early 1945, highlighting the need for improved water infrastructure. By January 1946, Spijkenisse was connected to the Rotterdam water supply network, ensuring a safe and reliable source of drinking water.

Industrial Development

The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw significant industrial development around the harbor. In 1898, the construction of a dike and sluice protected the harbor area from high tides, allowing for the establishment of industries such as the Bodegoms Concrete Factory. This period of industrial growth continued until the mid-20th century when the area was redeveloped for residential use.

Modern-Day Harbour

Today, the Harbour of Spijkenisse is a charming area that has been revitalized for recreational and leisure activities. The harbor is partially closed off, with only the final section still connected to the Oude Maas, primarily serving pleasure boats. The surrounding area has been transformed into a vibrant space with cafes, restaurants, and shops, making it a popular destination for both locals and visitors.

Exploring the Harbour

Visitors to the Harbour of Spijkenisse can enjoy a leisurely stroll along the water's edge, taking in the scenic views and the blend of historical and modern architecture. The windmill Nooitgedacht, a symbol of the town's industrious heritage, stands proudly near the harbor, offering a glimpse into the past. The nearby Rademacherplein, named after a local doctor, is a bustling square that hosts weekly markets and various events throughout the year.

In conclusion, the Harbour of Spijkenisse is a testament to the town's resilience and adaptability. From its humble beginnings as a natural creek to its current status as a recreational hotspot, the harbor has played a central role in the life of Spijkenisse. Its rich history and charming atmosphere make it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring this picturesque Dutch town.