Stavanger Cathedral

Nestled in the heart of Stavanger, Norway, the Stavanger Cathedral, known locally as Stavanger domkirke, stands as a magnificent testament to the city’s rich history and architectural evolution. As the oldest cathedral in Norway, its storied past and striking design make it a must-visit for anyone exploring this charming coastal town.

The History of Stavanger Cathedral

Stavanger Cathedral was founded by Bishop Reinald, believed to be from Winchester, England, around the year 1100. The cathedral was completed by 1150, making it the oldest in Norway. Its Anglo-Norman style reflects the influences brought by its founder. The cathedral has witnessed numerous historical events, including a devastating fire in 1272 that led to its partial reconstruction in the Gothic style.

Throughout the centuries, Stavanger Cathedral has been a central figure in the town’s religious and cultural life. It served as the episcopal seat until 1682 when it was moved to Kristiansand, before being reinstated in Stavanger in 1925 by King Haakon VII. The cathedral has undergone several restorations, notably in the 1860s and again from 1939 to 1964, to preserve its medieval character.

Architectural Marvels

The architectural journey through Stavanger Cathedral is a fascinating one. The main nave retains its Romanesque roots, while the choir and entrance were rebuilt in the Gothic style after the 1272 fire. The use of soapstone and green slate gives the cathedral its distinctive look. The basilica-like structure features a raised central nave flanked by lower side aisles, separated by massive Romanesque columns.

Beneath the porch, archaeological excavations revealed the foundations of a large central tower, believed to have served as a watchtower before being replaced by the current entrance hall. The cathedral's tower, while not rebuilt, remains a topic of historical intrigue and architectural interest.

A Journey Through Time

Visitors to Stavanger Cathedral can explore several fascinating features. The choir is flanked by two towers, and the eastern wall boasts a statue of St. Svithun, crafted by Stinius Frederiksen in 1962. The cathedral’s interior is adorned with beautiful stained glass windows by Viktor Sparre, added during the 1957 restoration, which illuminate the space with vibrant colors.

The pulpit, crafted in 1658 by Andrew Smith, stands as a testament to the craftsmanship of the time, replacing an earlier pulpit by Nils Olavson. The Gothic baptismal font, dating from 1250 to 1300, is another highlight, showcasing the intricate designs of the era.

The Crypt and Its Secrets

Below the cathedral lies a crypt, where approximately 1,000 skeletons were discovered, suggesting the site was used as a burial ground long before the current structure was built. The crypt, which served as a burial chamber until 1805, holds its own mysteries and stories, with the smell of decay eventually leading to the prohibition of further burials.

The Bells and the Orgel

Above the entrance, a carillon of 49 bells rings out across Stavanger, with the original set of 22 bells installed in 1925 and expanded in 1997. The cathedral's organ, built in 1991 by Gebr. Reil, incorporates pipes from the 1941 Frobenius organ, creating a harmonious blend of historical and modern elements. With 51 registers, the organ is a masterpiece of sound and engineering.

Myths and Legends

Stavanger Cathedral is not only a place of worship but also a setting for local legends. One such tale involves Christopher Garmann, who reportedly saw the ghost of his deceased wife Cecilia during his third wedding at the cathedral in 1779. The apparition supposedly foretold his death, which occurred just nine days later.

Visiting Stavanger Cathedral

For visitors, a trip to Stavanger Cathedral offers a unique glimpse into Norway’s religious and architectural history. The cathedral’s serene atmosphere, coupled with its rich tapestry of stories and legends, provides a captivating experience. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or simply seeking a moment of reflection, Stavanger Cathedral is a beacon of cultural heritage in the heart of Stavanger.

In conclusion, Stavanger Cathedral is more than just a historical monument; it is a living testament to the resilience and evolution of a city that has grown around it. Its walls echo with stories of the past, inviting visitors to explore and discover the layers of history that have shaped this remarkable landmark.