Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi

Perched gracefully near the banks of the Douro River in Vila Nova de Gaia, the Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi is a hidden gem of Portuguese history and architecture. This former convent, now a cultural hub, invites visitors to step back in time and explore its rich heritage, stunning Baroque architecture, and serene atmosphere.

The Historical Roots of Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi

The origins of the Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi date back to 1345, founded by D. Maria Mendes Petite, a noblewoman from Gaia. As a widow of the troubadour Estevão Coelho and mother of Pero Coelho, one of the men responsible for the assassination of D. Inês de Castro, D. Maria's legacy is intertwined with some of Portugal's most tumultuous historical events. The convent was dedicated to the Eucharist and entrusted to the Order of Saint Dominic, linking it to the prestigious Mosteiro de São Domingos das Donas de Santarém.

However, the convent's establishment was not without its challenges. A legal conflict with the Bishop of Porto delayed its opening until 1354. Over the centuries, the original church suffered from the ravages of flooding from the nearby Douro River, leading to the construction of a new church in the latter half of the 17th century. This new church was designed by Father Pantaleão da Rocha de Magalhães, with contributions from Gregório Fernandes, who adapted the design to the local needs and environment.

The convent's Baroque façade, completed in the 18th century, showcases the influence of the renowned architect Nicolau Nasoni. This period also saw the convent become a refuge for the nuns of Corpus Christi during the Siege of Porto.

Exploring the Architectural Marvels

The Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi is a feast for the eyes, with its centralised design featuring an octagonal nave, vaulted ceilings, and a dome that crowns the structure. The church's interior is adorned with four lateral altars, each housing beautiful religious imagery. The high choir, a masterpiece of early Baroque art, features a U-shaped choir stall with intricate gilded woodwork and a ceiling composed of 49 panels painted with oil on wood.

The iconography within the church is a testament to the Dominican Order, depicting saints, doctors of the church, and other significant figures. Three primary devotions are prominently featured: the Holy Rosary, the name of Jesus, and the Eucharist. The choir stalls, dating back to the first half of the 17th century, are particularly noteworthy for their unique carvings, each seat adorned with a different grotesque face, representing exotic figures, animals, and plants, influenced by the Portuguese overseas empire.

Resting Place of Historical Figures

The convent also serves as the final resting place for several notable figures. Among them is D. Leonor de Alvim, wife of the Constable D. Nuno Álvares Pereira, and her grandmother, D. Maria Mendes Aboim, the convent's founder. Additionally, the tomb of Álvaro Anes de Cernache, the first lord of Gaia and standard-bearer at the Battle of Aljubarrota in 1385, is housed within these sacred walls.

A New Chapter: Cultural and Educational Hub

After the death of the last nun, Marcelina Cândida Viana, in 1894, the convent's religious functions ceased. In 1930, it was handed over to the Sisters of the Good Shepherd, who established an institute for female education and rehabilitation. The growing number of residents led to the construction of a new wing in 1940, reflecting the architectural style of the Estado Novo period.

The early 1990s marked another transition when the convent was transferred to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Through the Foundation Frei Manuel Pinto da Fonseca, the order continued to use the space for apostolic work. In 2003, the convent was handed over to the Municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia, which undertook extensive renovations. Today, the Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi is a vibrant cultural space, hosting events, exhibitions, and serving as a satellite campus for the Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Porto.

Visiting Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi

Visitors to the Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi can expect a journey through time, exploring the rich tapestry of Portuguese history and culture. The convent's serene courtyards, majestic church, and historical artefacts offer a glimpse into the lives of those who once walked its halls. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply seeking a peaceful retreat, the Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi is a must-visit destination in Vila Nova de Gaia.

In conclusion, the Antigo Convento de Corpus Christi stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of Portugal's religious, cultural, and architectural heritage. Its walls whisper stories of devotion, resilience, and transformation, making it an unmissable attraction for anyone visiting this beautiful region.