Märkisches Museum

In the heart of Witten, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, lies a hidden gem of cultural and historical significance – the Märkisches Museum. This splendid institution, with its rich history and impressive collection of modern German paintings, invites visitors to embark on a journey through time and art.

The History of Märkisches Museum

The Märkisches Museum was founded in 1886 by the Verein für Orts- und Heimatkunde in der Grafschaft Mark (VOHM) with the initial aim of creating a museum dedicated to the industrial, commercial, and mining history of the region. Over the years, it evolved into a historical museum with diverse collections, including paleontological, geological, mineralogical, biological, and cultural artifacts. The museum's current building, a striking example of early 20th-century architecture, was constructed between 1909 and 1911 with the generous support of Friedrich Lohmann, a local industrialist. Designed by Carl Franzen, the building's facade of Ruhr sandstone gives the impression of a sturdy masonry structure, and its layout is reminiscent of a three-aisled church.

The Evolution of the Collection

Initially, the museum's collection focused on local cultural and historical artifacts, but it soon expanded to include an extensive library on local history, Westphalian history, and the history of law, church, and medicine. The museum also amassed a significant archive, including some of the oldest documents related to Witten's history and regional newspaper history. In the 1920s, under the direction of Peter Emil Noelle, the museum shifted its focus to modern German painting, a bold move that eventually led to the museum becoming a prominent repository of 20th-century German art.

The Impact of World War II

During the Nazi regime, the museum faced significant challenges. In 1937, 36 works of art were confiscated as part of the Nazi campaign against degenerate art. Despite these setbacks, the museum continued to evolve. After the war, under the leadership of Wilhelm Nettmann, the museum expanded its collection of modern art and acquired the adjacent Villa Berger, now part of the Kulturforum Witten. The museum underwent significant renovations and expansions between 1985 and 1988, embracing contemporary methods to enhance the presentation of its collections.

Exploring the Märkisches Museum

Visitors to the Märkisches Museum are greeted by an impressive collection of around 4,000 paintings, sculptures, and graphics, primarily from the 20th century. The museum boasts works by renowned Expressionists such as Max Pechstein, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Emil Nolde, Erich Heckel, Conrad Felixmüller, August Macke, Gabriele Münter, and Heinrich Campendonk. Special attention is given to Westphalian Expressionists Wilhelm Morgner and Christian Rohlfs, whose works are prominently featured.

Highlights of the Collection

Among the museum's most significant pieces are the Engelbert statue, dating back to around 1230, and the Strünkede tomb, a remarkable example of 16th-century funerary art. The museum also houses an extensive collection of works from the New Objectivity movement, including pieces by Eberhard Viegener, Josef Wedewer, and Elisabeth Schmitz, as well as works from the Critical Realism movement, featuring artists such as Rissa, Wolfgang Petrick, Hans-Jürgen Diehl, Maina-Miriam Munsky, Lambert Maria Wintersberger, Peter Sorge, Konrad Klapheck, and Bruno Goller.

Temporary Exhibitions and Events

The Märkisches Museum is not just a repository of historical artifacts; it is also a vibrant cultural hub that hosts a variety of temporary exhibitions and events. Recent exhibitions have included works by contemporary artists such as Fabian Weinecke, Sven Drühl, Catalina Pabón, Tanja Rochelmeyer, and Jens Wolf, among others. These exhibitions provide a dynamic and ever-changing experience for visitors, ensuring that there is always something new and exciting to discover.

Architectural Marvel

The museum's building itself is a marvel of early 20th-century architecture. The use of Ruhr sandstone and the design inspired by a three-aisled church create a sense of grandeur and solidity. Since 1984, the building has been listed as a historical monument, reflecting its architectural and historical significance. The recent addition of a new wing for the Witten Library in 2016 further enhances the museum's role as a center for culture and learning.

Plan Your Visit

Whether you are an art aficionado, a history buff, or simply looking for an enriching cultural experience, the Märkisches Museum in Witten offers something for everyone. With its rich collections, fascinating history, and beautiful architecture, it is a must-visit destination in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Take a step back in time and immerse yourself in the world of modern German art and regional history at this remarkable museum.

In conclusion, the Märkisches Museum is more than just a museum; it is a testament to the enduring spirit of Witten and its commitment to preserving and celebrating its cultural heritage. A visit to this museum is not only an educational journey but also an opportunity to connect with the rich artistic and historical tapestry of the region. Don't miss the chance to explore this captivating institution and discover the treasures it holds within its walls.