Schloss Leesdorf

Schloss Leesdorf, nestled in the charming town of Baden near Vienna, Austria, is a captivating blend of historical significance and architectural splendor. This magnificent castle, which now houses the HTL-Baden Malerschule (a renowned painting school), stands as a testament to centuries of history and transformation. From its origins as a medieval fortress to its current role as an educational institution, Schloss Leesdorf offers visitors a fascinating glimpse into Austria's rich cultural heritage.

The Origins and Evolution of Schloss Leesdorf

The story of Schloss Leesdorf begins in the early 12th century when it was first mentioned in historical records. Originally a water castle, it was associated with Hugo von Leuisdorf, who later became known as Hugo von Liechtenstein. This nobleman, who arrived in Austria in the retinue of Margrave Diepold III of Vohburg, played a significant role in the region's history. Hugo von Liechtenstein is considered the progenitor of the House of Liechtenstein, a prominent noble family in European history.

Throughout the centuries, Schloss Leesdorf changed hands numerous times, passing through the ownership of various noble families. In 1617, it was acquired by Hans Friedrich von Kielmannsegg, who sold it to the Melk Abbey. The castle suffered significant damage during the Turkish wars of 1683, but it was subsequently rebuilt and transformed into a Baroque palace under the direction of Abbot Berthold Dietmayr. The architectural transformation included the expansion of the chapel wing and the addition of a grand hall adorned with a ceiling painting depicting the god Chronos surrounded by the four seasons.

A Noble Retreat and a Hub of Culture

In the mid-19th century, Schloss Leesdorf underwent another transformation when it was purchased by Dr. Stanislaus Neumister and his wife Anna. They invested substantial resources into converting the castle into a luxurious spa hotel, complete with a beautifully landscaped park. The castle's noble guests included Maria Pia of Savoy, the wife of King Louis I of Portugal, who was visited by Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth in 1869. Despite these illustrious visitors, the spa hotel's economic success did not meet Neumister's expectations, and the property changed hands several times in the following years.

One of the notable owners was Johann Theodor Egger, an art enthusiast and collector, who undertook extensive restoration work on the castle starting in 1885. Under the guidance of architect Humbert Walcher Ritter von Moltheim, the castle was restored to its former glory, and the frescoes in the grand hall were meticulously preserved. The castle's structure was also modified to reflect the architectural tastes of the time, including the removal of the wooden superstructure of the keep and its replacement with the current stone roof.

Schloss Leesdorf in the 20th Century

The 20th century brought further changes to Schloss Leesdorf. In 1934, the castle was acquired by the Sisters of the Third Order of Saint Francis, known as the Hartmann Sisters. They renamed it Elisabeth-Heim and used it as a retreat for ailing and elderly members of their order. However, the outbreak of World War II saw the castle requisitioned by the Nazi authorities and used for various purposes, including housing refugees and serving as a reserve hospital for the Wehrmacht.

After the war, the castle was returned to the Hartmann Sisters, who leased it to the Vienna Painters' Guild. In 1948, the guild established a master school for painting at Schloss Leesdorf, which eventually evolved into the HTL-Baden Malerschule. Today, the school continues to operate within the castle's historic walls, providing education and training in the art of painting and related crafts.

Exploring Schloss Leesdorf Today

Visitors to Schloss Leesdorf are greeted by an impressive wrought-iron gate that leads to the castle's entrance. The castle's architecture, with its blend of medieval and Baroque elements, is a sight to behold. The grand hall, with its stunning ceiling painting and portraits of Babenberg dukes, offers a glimpse into the castle's opulent past. The castle's park, now a protected natural monument, provides a tranquil setting for leisurely strolls and contemplation.

While the castle itself is primarily used for educational purposes, visitors can still appreciate its historical significance and architectural beauty. The HTL-Baden Malerschule occasionally hosts events and exhibitions that allow the public to explore the castle's interior and learn more about its storied past.

In conclusion, Schloss Leesdorf is not just a historic monument but a living testament to the rich tapestry of Austrian history. Its walls have witnessed centuries of change, from medieval fortifications to Baroque splendor, and from a noble retreat to a center of education. A visit to Schloss Leesdorf offers a unique opportunity to step back in time and immerse oneself in the captivating history of this remarkable castle.