Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde

Nestled in the picturesque town of Bornem in the province of Antwerp, Belgium, Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde is a splendid testament to centuries of history and architectural marvel. Often referred to as the Castle of Bornem, this enchanting fortress stands proudly by the Old Scheldt, a branch of the Scheldt River that was cut off in the 13th century. With its rich history dating back to the 10th or 11th century, the castle has seen numerous transformations and restorations, each adding a unique layer to its storied past.

The Origins and Early History

The origins of Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde trace back to a time when the castle served as a stronghold against the Viking invasions. Built on the foundations of a 10th or 11th-century fortress, it provided much-needed protection for the region. However, the castle faced significant turmoil during the Geuzen Wars in the 16th century, leaving it in ruins. In 1587, the Spanish nobleman Pedro Coloma, Lord of Bobadilla, acquired the Land of Bornem. With his immense wealth, Coloma undertook the task of rebuilding the castle, transforming it into a magnificent residence. He also established a monastery in Bornem, which became home to exiled English Dominicans who provided education from 1658 onwards.

The Coloma Legacy

Pedro Coloma's contributions to the castle and the region were substantial. He passed away in 1621 and was buried in Bornem, leaving behind a legacy continued by his descendants. His son, Alexandre Coloma, and grandson, Jean-François Coloma, played pivotal roles in the castle's history. In 1658, the Land of Bornem was elevated to a county by King Philip IV of Spain, making Jean-François the first Count of Bornem.

The Marnix Family and the French Revolution

Despite its grandeur, the castle did not escape the ravages of war. During the 17th century, it suffered extensive damage, leading to the demolition of the central keep in 1687. The French Revolution brought further upheaval, forcing Count Charles de Marnix, the eighth Count of Bornem, and his mother to flee to the Netherlands. The castle and its domain were confiscated and sold at a public auction in Antwerp in 1799. However, in 1802, Charles de Marnix managed to repurchase the castle and part of the estate, eventually becoming the mayor of Bornem until 1832.

The Architectural Renaissance

The 19th century marked a period of architectural renaissance for the castle. In 1880, Count Ferdinand de Marnix de Sainte-Aldegonde commissioned the renowned architect Hendrik Beyaert to design a new castle. Although Beyaert passed away before the project was completed, his vision was brought to life by E. Janlet. The result was a stunning neo-Gothic masterpiece that stands proudly to this day. In 1895, the watchtowers on the bridge were added, further enhancing the castle's majestic appearance.

The Castle’s Treasures and Collections

Stepping inside Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde is like entering a time capsule filled with historical treasures. The castle boasts an impressive collection of paintings, including portraits of notable figures such as Margaret of Austria, Emperor Charles V, and Philip II of Spain. The 18th-century furniture, a lace room, and a room filled with antique dolls add to the castle's charm. Additionally, the castle houses the world's largest private collection of engravings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, featuring 91 works, including The Big Fish Eat the Little Fish and the first state of The Dirty Bride or the Wedding of Mopsus and Nisa.

The Enchanting Surroundings

The castle's surroundings are equally enchanting. The Old Scheldt, with its serene waters, provides a picturesque backdrop. Nearby, visitors can explore the historic duck decoy, dating back to 1314 and improved by Pedro Coloma in 1612. Originally used for catching ducks for consumption, the decoy now serves scientific research purposes. The castle's domain also features a double moat, adding to the sense of grandeur and fortification.

Visiting Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde

For those eager to experience this historical gem, the castle offers guided tours by appointment and opens its doors to the public on four Sundays in August and September. A visit to Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde is a journey through time, offering a glimpse into the lives of noble families, the architectural evolution of a fortress, and the rich history of the region. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply seeking a captivating day out, this Belgian treasure is sure to leave a lasting impression.

In conclusion, Kasteel de Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde is not just a castle; it is a living testament to the resilience and grandeur of a bygone era. Its walls echo with stories of noble families, wars, and architectural brilliance, making it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the rich heritage of Belgium.