Im Kreise 24 (Celle)

Im Kreise 24, also known as Synagoge Celle, is a remarkable historical gem nestled close to the old town of Celle in Lower Saxony, Germany. This site, with its charming half-timbered architecture, holds the distinction of being the oldest preserved half-timbered synagogue in the region, making it an unmissable stop for anyone interested in history, architecture, and cultural heritage.

The Historical Tapestry of Im Kreise 24

The story of Im Kreise 24 begins in the early 18th century when Jews in the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg were granted permission to build synagogues. In 1738, the Jewish community in Celle acquired two plots of land, and by around 1740, they had constructed the half-timbered synagogue we see today. This structure has witnessed a myriad of historical events, some of which have left indelible marks on its walls and legacy.

In 1883, the synagogue underwent significant renovations, including the addition of stained glass windows. However, the tranquility of this sacred space was shattered during the November Pogroms of 1938. The interior was ravaged, and religious artifacts were desecrated and burned in the streets. Remarkably, the building itself was spared from arson due to fears that the flames would spread to the tightly packed neighboring houses and the nearby old town.

Post World War II, the synagogue served as a storage space until 1945 when it was restored for religious services. The city of Celle purchased the building in 1969, and from 1972 to 1974, it underwent extensive restoration under the guidance of the municipal building authority. The synagogue was ceremoniously rededicated on June 20, 1974, by Rabbi Nathan Peter Levinson from Heidelberg.

In 1996, exhibition spaces were established in the front buildings, showcasing rotating exhibitions and documentation of Jewish life in Celle. Since 1997, the synagogue has been used by the reestablished Jewish community in Celle for services and gatherings. The Celle Society for Christian-Jewish Cooperation organizes numerous public events in the synagogue, fostering a spirit of unity and understanding.

In 2004, several Stolpersteine or stumbling stones were laid in the sidewalks in front of the buildings at Im Kreise 23 and 24, commemorating the lives of Jewish residents and forced laborers who suffered during the war.

Architectural Splendor of Im Kreise 24

Im Kreise 24 is a quintessential example of the half-timbered construction style typical of Celle. The ensemble consists of three half-timbered buildings: the three-story Jewish schoolhouse at Im Kreise 24, a two-story residential house at Im Kreise 23, and the synagogue itself, which is discreetly situated behind these two structures. The synagogue is now visible from the street due to the demolition of an adjacent building.

The synagogue's modest exterior, with its unplastered half-timbered construction and gabled roof, belies the rich history contained within. The interior is a relatively small hall of approximately 80 square meters, featuring a flat stucco ceiling. To create an unobstructed space, an elaborate hanging structure was employed in the roof construction. The original appearance of the interior from the 18th century remains unknown, but the women's gallery, which was expanded in 1754/55 and again in 1884, adds to the historical intrigue.

The baroque furnishings, including the Bima, which were destroyed in 1938, have been meticulously reconstructed based on historical findings, old photographs, and oral accounts. The Torah ark in the eastern wall has retained its original upper section, offering a tangible connection to the past.

Exploring Im Kreise 24

Visitors to Im Kreise 24 can immerse themselves in the rich tapestry of Jewish life in Celle. The exhibition spaces in the front buildings provide a fascinating glimpse into the history and culture of the Jewish community, with rotating exhibits that keep the experience fresh and engaging. The synagogue itself, with its reconstructed interior, offers a poignant reminder of resilience and continuity in the face of adversity.

For those interested in architectural history, the half-timbered construction and the ingenious design solutions employed to create the synagogue's interior are sure to captivate. The juxtaposition of the modest exterior with the historically rich and reverent interior space creates a unique and memorable experience.

Im Kreise 24 stands as a testament to the enduring spirit of the Jewish community in Celle and the broader historical narrative of resilience and renewal. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to this historic site is sure to leave a lasting impression.

In conclusion, Im Kreise 24 is not just a building; it is a living monument to the past, a beacon of cultural heritage, and a symbol of the enduring human spirit. Its walls echo with stories of faith, perseverance, and community, making it an essential stop on any journey through Celle.