Pavillon de l'Aurore

Hidden away in the picturesque Parc de Sceaux, the Pavillon de l'Aurore is a gem of classical architecture and historical intrigue. Built around 1671 by the renowned architect Claude Perrault for Jean-Baptiste Colbert, this elegant structure is a testament to the opulence and artistic flair of the French Baroque period. As you step into its serene surroundings, you are transported back to a time of grandeur and refinement, where the elite of French society once gathered for intellectual pursuits and lavish celebrations.

The History of Pavillon de l'Aurore

The story of the Pavillon de l'Aurore begins with Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the influential minister of finance under King Louis XIV. In 1670, Colbert acquired the Domaine de Sceaux and soon after commissioned Claude Perrault to design this exquisite pavilion. By 1672, the Pavillon de l'Aurore was completed, serving as Colbert's private retreat and a venue for hosting his council. The pavilion quickly became a hub of intellectual activity, with members of the French Academy often invited to partake in literary readings and discussions.

One notable event took place in 1677 when Colbert invited the members of the Académie française to read a poetic description of the pavilion's decor, composed by Philippe Quinault. This event highlighted the pavilion's role as a cultural and intellectual center, a place where art and literature flourished.

In 1685, Colbert's son, Jean-Baptiste Colbert de Seignelay, hosted a grand fête in honor of King Louis XIV. The Mercure Galant, a contemporary publication, described the pavilion as being filled with all sorts of iced waters, dried fruits, and confections, showcasing the opulence and luxury that characterized the gatherings held at the Pavillon de l'Aurore.

During the early 18th century, the pavilion was owned by Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, Duke of Maine, and his wife, Louise-Bénédicte de Bourbon. They organized a series of enchanting soirées known as the 16 Grandes Nuits de Sceaux, which took place from July 1714 to May 1715. These events were attended by prominent figures such as Voltaire and Émilie du Châtelet, who participated in the theatrical performances and other festivities orchestrated by the duchess.

Exploring the Pavillon de l'Aurore

The Pavillon de l'Aurore is an architectural marvel that seamlessly blends Italian inspiration with French classical style. The pavilion is built on a semi-underground base, which houses three vaulted rooms used for preparing and storing refreshments during the summer months. These vaulted rooms still bear signatures from the period, adding a touch of authenticity to the historical experience.

The west façade of the pavilion is a harmonious blend of architectural lines and the curves of a white marble basin, complete with a shell-shaped fountain. This elegant design is further enhanced by mascarons set on a white marble plaque, framed by red marble, creating a visually striking entrance. Visitors can access the main level via a double staircase with stone balustrades, leading to a charming terrace.

The central room of the pavilion, a circular space, is crowned with a magnificent dome adorned with a fresco by Charles Le Brun, titled L'Aurore sur son char chassant la Nuit (Aurora on her chariot chasing away the Night). This masterpiece, completed around 1673, depicts Aurora, symbolizing Colbert, ushering in the dawn and preparing the way for the Sun, an emblem of King Louis XIV. The fresco is a rich tapestry of mythological figures and celestial imagery, showcasing Le Brun's exceptional artistry and the political symbolism of the era.

The Artistic Treasures Within

Flanking the central rotunda are two rectangular cabinets, each with three large windows. The southern cabinet was originally adorned with a painting of Cephalus, which has since been replaced by Nicolas Delobel's Zéphire et Flore (Zephyr and Flora). The northern cabinet featured a painting of Endymion, also replaced by Delobel's Vertumne et Pomone (Vertumnus and Pomona). These rooms are illuminated by six windows, with grand Ionic pilasters supporting an entablature inscribed with Colbert's monogram, adding to the pavilion's regal atmosphere.

Events and Legacy

Throughout its history, the Pavillon de l'Aurore has inspired artists and writers, including Joël Schmidt, who wrote a novel titled Le Pavillon de l'Aurore in 1993. The pavilion continues to host cultural events, such as concerts, rekindling the tradition of artistic gatherings that once defined this enchanting place.

Today, the Pavillon de l'Aurore stands as a symbol of the artistic and intellectual vibrancy of the 17th and 18th centuries. Its beautifully restored architecture and interior decor invite visitors to immerse themselves in the rich history and cultural heritage of France. Whether you are an art lover, history enthusiast, or simply seeking a tranquil escape, the Pavillon de l'Aurore offers a captivating journey through time and beauty.