Lancaster Priory

Nestled in the heart of the historic city of Lancaster, the Lancaster Priory, formally known as the Priory Church of St Mary, stands as a testament to centuries of English history and religious devotion. This Grade I listed building, with its magnificent architecture and rich heritage, is a must-visit for anyone exploring the cultural tapestry of Great Britain.

The Ancient Roots of Lancaster Priory

The history of Lancaster Priory is a fascinating journey that stretches back to the 1st century AD. Originally, a Roman fort occupied the site, hinting at the strategic importance of this location through the ages. By the 6th century, a Saxon church had been established, marking the beginning of the site's religious significance. Excavations in 1912 revealed remnants of Roman walls beneath the current chancel area, along with a small Saxon doorway in the west wall of the nave, providing tangible links to its ancient past.

In 1094, Roger de Poitou founded a Benedictine priory dedicated to St Mary, as a cell of the Abbey of Saint Martin of Sées in Normandy, France. This marked the beginning of the priory's medieval chapter. Significant architectural developments took place around 1360 when the nave was widened, and in 1431, the church underwent a major reconstruction in the Perpendicular style, following its transfer to Syon Abbey near London. The dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII in 1539 led to the transformation of the priory into a parish church in 1540.

Architectural Marvels and Historical Treasures

The exterior of Lancaster Priory is a magnificent sight, built in sandstone with roofs of slate and lead. The west tower, a prominent feature, stands tall with its four stages, corner pinnacles, and embattled parapet. The tower, rebuilt in 1759, houses a clock face and bell openings, adding to its grandeur. The south porch, added in 1903, features two storeys with a staircase turret and crocketed pinnacles, showcasing the intricate craftsmanship of the period.

Inside, the church is a treasure trove of historical artifacts and architectural wonders. The carved choirstalls, dating back to 1340, are the third oldest in England and are renowned for their luxuriant canopies. The misericords on the seats feature intricate carvings, while modern embroidery panels adorn the back of the stalls. The pulpit, dating from 1619, originally a three-decker pulpit, was restored in 1999, complete with its original crown on a Bible. The stone base of the font, installed in 1848, and its carved wooden cover from 1631, add to the church's historical charm.

Stained Glass and Sacred Artifacts

The stained glass windows of Lancaster Priory are a sight to behold. The east window, designed by Edward Paley and made by Wailes, bathes the interior in a kaleidoscope of colors. The church plate collection includes four flagons, a chalice, and two breadholders from 1678-79, a small chalice presented in 1728, and a cup from 1757, each piece telling a story of the church's rich liturgical history.

Cynibald's Cross and Other Curiosities

One of the intriguing artifacts associated with Lancaster Priory is Cynibald's Cross. Discovered in 1807 while digging in the churchyard, this runic cross, now displayed near the southwest door, bears an Anglo-Saxon inscription that translates to Pray ye for Cynibald Cuthburuc. The original cross was moved to the British Museum in 1868, but the replica continues to captivate visitors with its ancient inscription.

The churchyard itself is home to several notable features, including a late 18th-century sandstone sundial, restored in 1894, and listed at Grade II. Other Grade II listed monuments include the Rawlinson memorial from the late 18th century and a mid-19th-century tomb chest with a damaged marble effigy. The ground under and around the church is also a scheduled monument, adding to the site's historical significance.

A Living Heritage

Today, Lancaster Priory is not just a relic of the past but a vibrant part of the community. It hosts regular Anglican services, civic ceremonies, and concerts, making it a hub of cultural and spiritual activity. Visitors are welcome to explore the church from 10:00 to 16:00, Monday to Saturday, and during services on Sundays. As a member of the Greater Churches Group, Lancaster Priory continues to play a vital role in the religious and cultural life of the city.

In conclusion, Lancaster Priory is more than just a historical monument; it is a living testament to the enduring faith and community spirit of Lancaster. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to Lancaster Priory promises a journey through time, filled with awe-inspiring sights and stories from centuries past.