Skerton Bridge

Skerton Bridge, an architectural gem spanning the River Lune in Lancaster, Lancashire, is more than just a crossing; it is a testament to the ingenuity and vision of the late 18th century. This Grade II* listed structure, a Scheduled Monument, stands as a proud sentinel to the rich history and evolving infrastructure of the region.

The History of Skerton Bridge

The tale of Skerton Bridge begins with a fascinating anecdote from the early 18th century. With the impending threat of the Jacobites during the Rising of 1715, the people of Lancaster took drastic measures to protect their town. They attempted to damage the Old Loyne Bridge, the only link to the northern bank of the Lune, by knocking off its battlements. This partial demolition, intended to slow down the Jacobites, ironically caused numerous accidents in the years that followed, as travelers occasionally veered off the unprotected side of the bridge.

By the end of the 18th century, it was clear that the Old Loyne Bridge was no longer sufficient for the town's needs. A petition for a new bridge was made, and in June 1782, an Act of Parliament was passed to allow its construction. A competition was held to design the new bridge, and it was the young architect Thomas Harrison who won this prestigious commission. The foundation stone was laid in June 1783, and the bridge was completed in September 1787, costing £14,000, a sum equivalent to approximately £2,250,000 today.

In 1839, local architect Edmund Sharpe supervised the repair and repointing of the bridge. An additional arch was added to the south end around 1849 to accommodate the Little North Western Railway, which has since closed. Despite its age, the bridge was deemed strong enough in 1995 to carry vehicles weighing up to 40 tons—ten times the weight of the heaviest vehicles in 1783.

Architectural Marvel

Constructed from sandstone ashlar, Skerton Bridge is a masterpiece of Georgian engineering. It features five semi-elliptical arches, each spanning 64 feet (19.5 meters). These arches are supported by piers articulated by aedicules formed by attached Tuscan columns, which in turn support pediments. The bridge is adorned with a balustraded parapet, adding to its classical elegance.

One of the most remarkable aspects of Skerton Bridge is its flat road deck, a design feature that was revolutionary at the time. Prior to this, most large public bridges in England had a bowed roadway. Harrison's innovative design influenced other notable bridge architects, including John Rennie, who incorporated similar features in his designs for Kelso Bridge, Waterloo Bridge, and London Bridge.

The bridge's design also includes stormwater channels in the spandrels between the arches and at the abutments, showcasing the thoughtful engineering that went into its construction.

Skerton Bridge's Influence and Legacy

Skerton Bridge was not just a local marvel; it was a pioneering structure that set new standards in bridge design. Harrison's flat roadway design was inspired by earlier bridges such as the Coldstream Bridge in Scotland and a bridge at Neuilly-sur-Seine in Paris. This design innovation made Skerton Bridge a model for future bridge projects across the UK and beyond.

The bridge's influence can be seen in the work of John Rennie, one of the most prominent bridge engineers of the 19th century. Rennie's designs for Kelso Bridge, Waterloo Bridge, and London Bridge all feature the flat roadway concept that Harrison first implemented at Skerton Bridge. This design not only provided a more practical and efficient crossing but also enhanced the aesthetic appeal of these structures.

Exploring Skerton Bridge Today

Today, Skerton Bridge remains a vital part of Lancaster's infrastructure, carrying the southbound lanes of the A6 road over the River Lune. Its historical significance and architectural beauty make it a must-visit for anyone interested in the rich heritage of the region.

Walking across Skerton Bridge, you can appreciate the craftsmanship that went into its construction. The semi-elliptical arches and Tuscan columns create a sense of grandeur, while the balustraded parapet offers a picturesque view of the River Lune. The bridge's flat roadway provides a smooth and pleasant journey, a testament to Harrison's forward-thinking design.

For history enthusiasts, a visit to Skerton Bridge is an opportunity to step back in time and imagine the bustling activity of 18th-century Lancaster. The bridge's enduring strength and elegance are a reminder of the ingenuity and vision of the people who built it.

In conclusion, Skerton Bridge is not just a functional piece of infrastructure; it is a symbol of Lancaster's rich history and a testament to the innovative spirit of Georgian engineering. Its enduring legacy continues to inspire and captivate visitors, making it a cherished landmark in the heart of Lancashire.