Fort de Nogent

Fort de Nogent, a hidden gem nestled in Fontenay-sous-Bois, Val-de-Marne, offers a fascinating glimpse into France's rich military history. Despite its name, the fort is not located in Nogent-sur-Marne but was named after it, following the tradition of naming forts after the cities they protect. This historical fortress, part of the Paris fortifications, stands as a testament to the strategic military planning of the 19th century and the resilience of its defenders throughout various conflicts.

The Construction of Fort de Nogent

Fort de Nogent was one of the sixteen forts constructed to protect Paris, following the 1840 instructions of Adolphe Thiers, the then head of the French government under King Louis-Philippe I. The construction spanned from 1841 to 1848 under the supervision of Guillaume Dode de la Brunerie. The fort is characterized by a bastioned rampart, each side measuring 200 meters, inspired by the designs of the famous military engineer Vauban. The main entrance, located on Boulevard du 25-août-1944, and another on Boulevard de Strasbourg, welcome visitors into this historical stronghold.

The Siege of 1870

During the Siege of Paris in 1870, Fort de Nogent played a crucial role. Commanded by the retired Commandant Pistoulet, with artillery led by Chef d'Escadron David and engineering by Chef de Bataillon Revin, the fort was a hub of military activity. The infantry comprised several companies and battalions, totaling over 1,700 men, while the artillery boasted an impressive array of cannons and mortars. Despite the relentless bombardment by Prussian forces in December 1870, the fort's defenders held their ground until the fort was surrendered during the general capitulation of Paris on January 26, 1871.

World War II and the 1944 Battles

The fort's strategic importance was once again highlighted during World War II. In August 1944, fierce battles erupted between the German Feldgendarmerie stationed in the fort and the French resistance fighters. The resistance ultimately triumphed, but the victory came at a heavy cost, with 30 local fighters losing their lives in the combat. The fort's history is a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made during these tumultuous times.

A Refuge and Center of Internment

In the post-war period, Fort de Nogent served various purposes. In 1958, it provided refuge for Algerians targeted by the National Liberation Front (FLN) for their allegiance to France. By 1961, it had transformed into a center of internment, housing nearly 200 officers involved in the failed Algiers Putsch. These officers were held in fortress arrest awaiting trial or reassignment, marking another chapter in the fort's storied past.

Emergency Shelter and Modern Usage

From the winter of 2006-2007 to 2014-2015, the fort served as an emergency shelter operated by the Salvation Army. This initiative provided temporary housing for up to 160 individuals during the harsh winter months. In 2015, the fort's facilities were returned to the military to support the Vigipirate security plan. Today, Fort de Nogent is home to the Groupement du recrutement de la Légion étrangère (GRLE), continuing its legacy of military service.

Visiting Fort de Nogent

Visitors to Fort de Nogent can explore the well-preserved fortifications and gain insight into the fort's historical significance. The bastioned ramparts and the strategic layout of the fort offer a glimpse into 19th-century military engineering. The fort's grounds are meticulously maintained, providing a serene environment for reflection on the fort's storied past.

One of the highlights of a visit to Fort de Nogent is the opportunity to learn about the French Foreign Legion's recruitment process. The GRLE, housed within the fort, plays a crucial role in selecting and training new recruits for one of the world's most renowned military units. This modern-day connection to the fort's military heritage adds a unique dimension to the visitor experience.

Conclusion

Fort de Nogent stands as a monument to France's military history, resilience, and adaptability. From its construction in the 19th century to its role in significant historical events, the fort has witnessed and withstood the test of time. Today, it continues to serve a vital function, bridging the past with the present. A visit to Fort de Nogent is not just a journey through history but also an exploration of the enduring spirit of those who have defended and continue to defend this remarkable fortress.