North Church

Nestled in the heart of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, the North Church stands as a beacon of history, faith, and architectural splendor. Located in the bustling Market Square, this historic Congregational church is not only an emblem of the city’s rich heritage but also a vibrant hub for community and worship. With its striking Italianate edifice and towering steeple, the North Church is a must-visit landmark for anyone exploring Portsmouth.

The Storied History of North Church

The origins of the North Church date back to 1657, when the first church was constructed near a milldam. This humble beginning set the stage for a series of developments that would shape the church into the iconic structure it is today. By the early 18th century, a new church building was erected on the corner of Congress Street and Pleasant Street, featuring a large clock and bell added in 1749. These elements not only served practical purposes but also became symbolic fixtures of the community.

Throughout its history, the North Church has played a significant role in the lives of Portsmouth’s residents. The church’s records of baptisms, marriages, and funerals provide a window into the past, chronicling the lives of its members. Among its prominent congregants were figures like William Whipple, John Langdon, and Daniel Webster. Even President George Washington attended a service here during his visit to New Hampshire in 1789, further cementing the church’s place in American history.

A Sanctuary for All

The North Church has always been a place where diverse members of the community could come together. In its early years, members were required to purchase pews, and slave owners had to buy additional pews for their slaves, who were seated in the balcony. Despite the segregation, the church was a central gathering place for black residents of Portsmouth, who formed a significant portion of the congregation. An overseer was appointed to ensure that everyone paid proper attention during the sermons, reflecting the church's commitment to inclusivity and order.

The church’s benevolence extended beyond its walls, as it often provided small sums of money to indigent members of the community in exchange for menial tasks. This practice highlighted the church’s role as a pillar of support and charity in Portsmouth.

A New Era of Architecture

In 1835, the second church building was replaced by a new structure, although the original clock, bell, and furnishings were retained. This three-story wooden building featured two tiers of balconies and a 150-foot steeple, making it a prominent feature of the city’s skyline. However, by 1854, it was time for another transformation. The old building was demolished, and a new one, designed by Towle & Foster of Boston, was constructed at a cost of $30,000. This new edifice, completed in 1856, boasted a more modern clock and an organ added in 1890.

The church’s bell, which had been a signal for the community’s 9 P.M. curfew from the 1700s into the 1900s, was a cherished artifact. Although plans to have the bell recast in England were thwarted by a shipwreck, the church continued to innovate and adapt, ensuring its place as a central fixture in Portsmouth.

Modern Renovations and Community Engagement

The North Church has not only preserved its historical essence but also embraced modernity through various renovations. In 1978, the church underwent significant renovations as part of efforts to enhance the beauty of Market Square. More recently, in May 2006, the building’s roof and steeple were renovated, and a new spire was installed. Although the new spire was damaged by strong winds during a thunderstorm two months later, the church’s resilience and commitment to preservation shone through.

Today, the North Church continues to serve its congregation while also opening its doors to the wider community. The building is rented out for concerts and worship services held by congregations that lack their own space, making it a versatile and welcoming venue for various events.

A Legacy of Faith and Social Justice

Throughout its history, the North Church has been a beacon of faith and social justice. As a Congregational church, it faced persecution after Charles II of England passed the Act of Uniformity in 1662. By the early 19th century, the church was considered more conservative than other large Congregational churches in Portsmouth, which had become Unitarian.

In the 1840s, the church’s minister, Edwin Holt, vocally supported abolitionism, a stance that caused considerable uproar among the congregation. Despite the controversy, Holt’s advocacy for social justice left a lasting impact on the church’s legacy. Today, the North Church is a proud member of the United Church of Christ denomination, continuing its tradition of faith and community service.

In conclusion, the North Church of Portsmouth is more than just a historic building; it is a living testament to the city’s rich history, architectural beauty, and enduring spirit of community and faith. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to the North Church promises a captivating journey through time and a deeper appreciation of Portsmouth’s heritage.