Chantry Chapel of St Mary the Virgin, Wakefield

The Chantry Chapel of St Mary the Virgin, gracefully poised on the medieval Chantry Bridge over the River Calder in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, is a captivating testament to England's rich ecclesiastical history. As the most ornate of the surviving bridge chapels in the country, it offers a unique glimpse into the past, drawing visitors from near and far to marvel at its architectural beauty and storied past.

A Glimpse into History

The chapel's origins date back to the 14th century, making it the oldest of its kind in England. It stands as the sole survivor of four original chantries in Wakefield, a city that once boasted chapels strategically placed on roads leading to major destinations like Leeds, Dewsbury, York, and Doncaster. The Chantry Chapel of St Mary the Virgin was licensed in 1356, built on a bridge that replaced an earlier wooden structure. This bridge, with its nine arches, spans 320 feet and is a marvel in its own right, classified as a scheduled ancient monument.

The chapel's history is intertwined with significant events, such as the Battle of Wakefield in 1460, when the Earl of Rutland met his fate nearby. Despite the tumultuous times, the chapel endured, serving various roles after the Reformation and Abolition of Chantries Acts, including a warehouse, library, and even a cheese shop.

Restoration and Revival

In the 19th century, the chapel found new life when it was transferred to the Church of England. The Yorkshire Architectural Society, inspired by the Oxford Movement, undertook its restoration. Under the guidance of George Gilbert Scott, the chapel was reconstructed above pavement level, though not without controversy. Scott's decision to replace the original west front with Caen stone proved problematic, as the stone deteriorated in the polluted air, necessitating a replacement in gritstone by Sir Charles Nicholson in 1939.

Today, the original medieval façade has been preserved and can be admired in Thornes Park, Wakefield, offering a tangible connection to the chapel's storied past. The chapel reopened for Anglican worship in 1848, serving as a parish church until a new one was built in 1854. It now functions as a chapel-of-ease, with its care entrusted to Wakefield Cathedral since a parish boundary change in 2000.

Architectural Marvel

The chapel's design is a masterpiece of medieval architecture. Built of ashlar sandstone, it measures 50 feet by 25 feet, with its base forming a structural element of the bridge. The west front, with its buttresses and three narrow doorways, is divided into five intricately carved panels depicting scenes from the Annunciation to the Descent of the Holy Ghost. The chapel's three bays feature square-headed windows with flamboyant tracery, and its octagonal corner pinnacles add to its striking silhouette.

Inside, the chapel is equally enchanting. A newel staircase leads to the roof, while another descends to a small crypt. Four of the seven traceried windows boast stunning stained glass, casting colorful reflections that dance across the stone interior.

The Friends of Wakefield Chantry Chapel

Preservation efforts have been championed by the Friends of Wakefield Chantry Chapel, formed in 1991. This dedicated group has worked tirelessly to raise funds for essential repairs and conservation, ensuring the chapel remains a cherished landmark for future generations. Their efforts have included roof repairs, rewiring, and the installation of heating, as well as the renewal of external stonework and the creation of new carved stone heads.

The chapel's continued existence is a testament to the passion and commitment of those who recognize its historical and cultural significance. As you explore this enchanting site, you'll be transported back in time, immersed in the stories and craftsmanship that have shaped its enduring legacy.

In conclusion, the Chantry Chapel of St Mary the Virgin is more than just a historical monument; it is a living piece of history that continues to inspire and captivate visitors. Its walls echo with the tales of centuries past, making it an unmissable attraction for anyone visiting Wakefield.