Exeter Cathedral

Exeter Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter, is a magnificent gem nestled in the heart of Exeter, Devon. This Anglican cathedral, which serves as the seat of the Bishop of Exeter, is a stunning example of Gothic architecture and a testament to the rich history of the region. Its grandeur, architectural brilliance, and historical significance make it a must-visit for anyone exploring the South West of England.

The History of Exeter Cathedral

The origins of Exeter Cathedral date back to 1050 when the seat of the bishopric was moved from Crediton to Exeter. The initial structure was a Saxon minster dedicated to Saint Mary and Saint Peter. However, it was in 1107, under the direction of Bishop William Warelwast, that the construction of a new cathedral in the Norman style began. The foundation was laid in 1133, but the construction spanned several decades.

By the late 13th century, the Norman cathedral was deemed outdated, and a grand reconstruction in the Decorated Gothic style was initiated. This transformation, which retained some of the original Norman elements such as the two massive square towers, was completed around 1400. The cathedral was built entirely of local stone, including the renowned Purbeck Marble, giving it a distinctive and enduring presence.

Throughout its history, Exeter Cathedral has faced numerous challenges. During the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 16th century, it suffered damage, although not as extensively as some other religious institutions. The English Civil War brought further destruction, including the loss of the cloisters. Despite these trials, the cathedral has been lovingly restored and maintained over the centuries, preserving its historical and architectural integrity.

Exploring Exeter Cathedral

Visitors to Exeter Cathedral are greeted by its impressive west front, adorned with a stunning image screen featuring statues of kings, knights, and angels. As you step inside, the sheer scale and beauty of the interior are immediately apparent. The cathedral boasts the longest uninterrupted medieval stone vaulted ceiling in the world, stretching an awe-inspiring 96 meters.

One of the highlights of a visit to Exeter Cathedral is the Minstrels' Gallery, dating back to around 1360. This unique feature is decorated with 12 carved and painted angels playing medieval musical instruments. It's a delightful and whimsical touch that adds to the cathedral's charm and historical ambiance.

The Astronomical Clock

A visit to Exeter Cathedral wouldn't be complete without marveling at the astronomical clock. This remarkable timepiece, dating back to 1484, is one of the most famous of its kind in England. The clock features a fleur-de-lys-tipped hand that indicates the hour and the position of the sun in the sky. The intricate design includes a silver ball and inner dial that show the age and phase of the moon. Below the clock, a small door with a round hole was cut in the early 17th century to allow the bishop's cat to enter and deter vermin attracted to the clock's mechanism.

The Bishop's Throne and Choir Stalls

Another notable feature of Exeter Cathedral is the 18-meter-high bishop's throne in the choir. Crafted from Devon oak between 1312 and 1316, it is an exquisite example of medieval woodworking. The nearby choir stalls, added in the 1870s by George Gilbert Scott, complement the throne and enhance the grandeur of the choir area.

The Great East Window and Ceiling Bosses

The Great East Window is a marvel of 14th-century stained glass, depicting biblical scenes and saints in vibrant colors. As you gaze upwards, you'll notice over 400 ceiling bosses, intricately carved and painted. One of the most famous bosses depicts the murder of Thomas Becket, adding a poignant historical touch to the cathedral's interior.

The Misericords

Exeter Cathedral is home to the earliest complete set of misericords in the United Kingdom. These 50 intricately carved wooden seats, dating from the 13th century, feature a variety of designs, including the earliest known wooden representation of an elephant in the UK. The craftsmanship and detail of these misericords offer a fascinating glimpse into medieval artistry.

The Library and The Exeter Book

The cathedral's library, established during the episcopate of Leofric (1050–1072), houses a remarkable collection of manuscripts and books. Among its treasures is the Exeter Book, a 10th-century anthology of Anglo-Saxon poetry, considered one of the most important works of Old English literature. The library's collection provides a window into the intellectual and cultural history of the cathedral and the region.

A Living Heritage

Exeter Cathedral is not just a historical monument; it is a living place of worship and community. Throughout the year, it hosts a variety of services, concerts, and events that draw visitors and locals alike. The cathedral's commitment to preserving its heritage while remaining a vibrant part of the community is evident in its ongoing restoration and conservation efforts.

In conclusion, Exeter Cathedral is a breathtaking blend of history, architecture, and spirituality. Its soaring vaulted ceiling, intricate carvings, and rich history make it a captivating destination for anyone visiting Exeter. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply seeking a place of beauty and tranquility, Exeter Cathedral offers an unforgettable experience that will leave you in awe of its timeless splendor.